A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Considering the most common cause of this condition, which test should the nurse anticipate will be performed?

A prostate examination

A blood glucose check

Genetic testing

Antistreptolysin-O titers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   A prostate examination is typically performed for issues related to the prostate, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer. It is not relevant to diagnosing or managing acute glomerulonephritis, which is related to kidney inflammation rather than prostate issues.
B.   A blood glucose check is used to diagnose and manage diabetes. While diabetes can contribute to chronic kidney disease, it is not the primary test for diagnosing acute glomerulonephritis or identifying its most common cause.
C.   Genetic testing is useful for diagnosing inherited conditions or genetic predispositions to diseases. However, acute glomerulonephritis is typically caused by an infection or an autoimmune reaction, and genetic testing is not the primary diagnostic tool for this condition.
D.   Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titers are tests used to detect antibodies produced in response to a streptococcal infection. Elevated ASO titers indicate a recent streptococcal infection, which is the most common cause of post-infectious acute glomerulonephritis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia are generally not associated with the diuretic phase of AKI. In the diuretic phase, the primary issue is excessive loss of electrolytes and fluid, rather than their accumulation.
B. Hypokalemia can occur during the diuretic phase because diuretics increase the excretion of potassium along with water. Hypernatremia is not typical of the diuretic phase. Instead, sodium levels might decrease or remain normal due to the loss of fluid and electrolytes.
C. Hyperkalemia is unlikely during the diuretic phase as diuretics often lead to increased potassium loss. Hyponatremia is a more likely outcome during the diuretic phase due to the loss of sodium and fluid through increased urine output.

D. During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is significant loss of electrolytes, including potassium and sodium. Diuretics increase urine output, leading to the loss of potassium and sodium, which can occur as a result of excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) B. End stage renal disease (ESRD) C. Pre-renal acute kidney injury (AKI) D. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. BPH is a common condition in older men that causes the prostate gland to enlarge, obstructing the urethra and leading to difficulty urinating, urinary retention, and pelvic pain. The symptoms described, including urinary frequency, weak urinary stream, severe pelvic pain, and a significantly elevated post- void residual urine volume, are consistent with BPH.
B. ESRD can cause urinary symptoms. However, the presentation in this case is more consistent with a urinary obstruction, not a kidney failure issue. ESRD typically involves more systemic symptoms like fatigue, edema, and electrolyte imbalances.
C. This is unlikely given the patient's age and lack of significant comorbidities. Additionally, the primary issue appears to be urinary obstruction, not a decrease in renal perfusion.
D. This is a chronic condition that typically presents with flank pain, and it does not usually cause acute urinary retention.

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A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Considering the most common cause of this condition, which test should the nurse anticipate will be performed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with rapidly progressing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) asks about the possibility of a kidney transplant. In responding to the client, the nurse understands that which of the following is a contraindication for receiving a kidney transplant?

A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

Which of the following clients is at risk of developing acute kidney injury from a post-renal cause?

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following are high-potassium foods which the client should avoid? (Select all that apply.)