A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

Insulin and sodium bicarbonate

Calcium gluconate

atiromer (Veltassa)

Lisinopril

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   It helps to temporarily lower serum potassium levels by driving potassium into the cells. This effect is usually short-lived and is often used in emergency situations to quickly manage hyperkalemia.
B.   Calcium Gluconate is used to stabilize the cardiac membrane in the setting of hyperkalemia, especially if there are ECG changes or symptoms of hyperkalemia. It does not lower the serum potassium level but helps protect the heart from the potential arrhythmias caused by elevated potassium levels.
C.   Patiromer (Veltassa) is a potassium binder that helps to remove excess potassium from the body through the gastrointestinal tract. It binds potassium in the gut and facilitates its excretion in the stool.
D.   Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It can actually increase potassium levels by decreasing the excretion of potassium through the kidneys.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia are generally not associated with the diuretic phase of AKI. In the diuretic phase, the primary issue is excessive loss of electrolytes and fluid, rather than their accumulation.
B. Hypokalemia can occur during the diuretic phase because diuretics increase the excretion of potassium along with water. Hypernatremia is not typical of the diuretic phase. Instead, sodium levels might decrease or remain normal due to the loss of fluid and electrolytes.
C. Hyperkalemia is unlikely during the diuretic phase as diuretics often lead to increased potassium loss. Hyponatremia is a more likely outcome during the diuretic phase due to the loss of sodium and fluid through increased urine output.

D. During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is significant loss of electrolytes, including potassium and sodium. Diuretics increase urine output, leading to the loss of potassium and sodium, which can occur as a result of excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

A. This medication increases the glomerular filtration rate. B. This medication will prevent you from eventually needing a kidney transplant. C. This medication slows the growth of renal cysts. D. This medication can cause hyponatremia.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tolvaptan does not increase the glomerular filtration rate. It actually works by blocking the action of a hormone that causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to increased urine output.
B. While Tolvaptan can slow the progression of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and delay the need for dialysis or transplant, it does not guarantee prevention of these outcomes.
C. Tolvaptan is used to slow the growth of kidney cysts in patients with PKD.
D. Hyponatremia is a common side effect of Tolvaptan due to increased water loss through urine. However, this is not the primary role.

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A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with polycystic kidney disease is prescribed the medication Tolvaptan. What should the nurse include when educating the client about this medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following are high-potassium foods which the client should avoid? (Select all that apply.)

A client who received a kidney transplant last month is in the nephrology clinic for a follow-up visit. Which education should the nurse provide to the client regarding complications which can arise after a kidney transplant?

A patient who performs dialysis at home using a catheter placed through the abdominal wall reports nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fluid discharge from the catheter site. The laboratory reports reveal an increased white blood cell count (WBC). Which condition does the nurse suspect in the patient?

The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly-diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

A nurse is admitting a client who has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Considering the most common cause of this condition, which test should the nurse anticipate will be performed?