The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has cognitive changes. The nurse recognizes that which statement regarding dementia and delirium is true?
Both are accompanied by changes in level of consciousness.
Memory is affected equally in both diseases.
Only delirium is reversible.
The progression of both diseases is slow.
The Correct Answer is C
C. Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is identified and treated (e.g., correcting electrolyte imbalances, managing infections, discontinuing medications contributing to delirium). With appropriate intervention, the mental status can improve, and the individual can return to their baseline cognitive function.
A. Dementia, on the other hand, is a chronic, progressive syndrome that primarily affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. It does not typically cause acute changes in consciousness.
B. Memory impairment is a hallmark feature of dementia, especially in the early stages. In contrast, delirium primarily affects attention, awareness, and cognition acutely, with memory impairment being variable and not a defining feature.
D. Delirium develops rapidly, often over hours to days, in response to an acute medical condition, medication change, or other factors. It is characterized by a fluctuating course and can resolve once the underlying cause is managed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Teaching preschoolers how to wash their hands correctly is an example of primary prevention. By educating children on proper hand hygiene practices, nurses aim to reduce the spread of infections and promote good health habits. This activity focuses on preventing the transmission of infectious diseases and promoting overall wellness among children
A. Screening for high blood pressure is an example of secondary prevention rather than primary prevention. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to halt or slow down the progress of a disease.
C. Providing hospice care is a form of palliative care that focuses on improving the quality of life for terminally ill clients and their families. It aims to provide comfort and support rather than preventing disease onset. Therefore, it does not fall under primary prevention but rather under supportive care for those with advanced illness.
D. Teaching a client how to self-administer insulin is an example of tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention involves managing and reducing the impact of a disease that has already occurred. In this case, teaching self-administration of insulin helps manage diabetes, prevent complications, and promote optimal health outcomes for the client.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Previous experiences with pain can significantly influence how individuals perceive and respond to pain in the future. Positive experiences may lead to better coping strategies, while negative experiences could increase fear and anxiety associated with pain.
B. Cultural beliefs, norms, and practices surrounding pain vary widely across different societies. Culture shapes how individuals express pain, interpret pain severity, and seek treatment. For instance, some cultures may encourage stoicism in the face of pain, while others may emphasize the importance of verbalizing discomfort.
C. Socioeconomic status can impact access to healthcare resources, including pain management options. Higher SES individuals may have better access to healthcare facilities, medications, and therapies, whereas lower SES individuals may face barriers to adequate pain relief due to financial constraints or limited healthcare services.
D. Emotional states such as anxiety, depression, stress, and fear can significantly influence the perception and experience of pain. These emotions can amplify pain perception and interfere with pain management strategies. Conversely, positive emotions and a sense of well-being may help reduce the intensity of pain.
E. Age-related factors can affect how pain is perceived and managed. Children and older adults, for example, may experience pain differently due to developmental stages, cognitive abilities, and physiological changes. Pain assessment and management approaches need to be tailored accordingly to address age-specific considerations.
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