The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has cognitive changes. The nurse recognizes that which statement regarding dementia and delirium is true?
Both are accompanied by changes in level of consciousness.
Memory is affected equally in both diseases.
Only delirium is reversible.
The progression of both diseases is slow.
The Correct Answer is C
C. Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is identified and treated (e.g., correcting electrolyte imbalances, managing infections, discontinuing medications contributing to delirium). With appropriate intervention, the mental status can improve, and the individual can return to their baseline cognitive function.
A. Dementia, on the other hand, is a chronic, progressive syndrome that primarily affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. It does not typically cause acute changes in consciousness.
B. Memory impairment is a hallmark feature of dementia, especially in the early stages. In contrast, delirium primarily affects attention, awareness, and cognition acutely, with memory impairment being variable and not a defining feature.
D. Delirium develops rapidly, often over hours to days, in response to an acute medical condition, medication change, or other factors. It is characterized by a fluctuating course and can resolve once the underlying cause is managed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. One of the primary reasons for administering IV fluids is to correct imbalances in fluid volume or electrolyte concentrations. Examples include correcting dehydration, restoring electrolyte levels (such as sodium, potassium), and addressing fluid losses due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating.
B. IV fluids are typically used to increase intravascular volume rather than decrease it. In conditions such as hypovolemia (low blood volume), IV fluids are administered to restore blood volume and improve circulation.
C. Third spacing refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces, which can occur in conditions like sepsis, burns, or trauma. IV fluids are not typically administered to increase third spacing; rather, treatment aims to redistribute fluids and improve fluid balance.
D. Enteral fluids are fluids administered directly into the gastrointestinal tract (via oral or tube feeding). IV fluids are administered directly into the bloodstream and are used when enteral administration is not feasible or sufficient.
Correct Answer is ["24"]
Explanation
For a client prescribed 2 grams of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid every 12 hours, and given that the medication is supplied in 500 mg capsules,
The client would need to take four capsules to meet the 2-gram requirement per dose. Since the medication is to be taken every 12 hours, this equates to two doses per day.
For a 3-day business trip, the client would need to take a total of 6 doses. Therefore, the client should take 24 capsules (4 capsules per dose multiplied by 6 doses) with them to ensure they have enough medication for the duration of their trip.
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