The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease.
Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?

Surgery to increase mucus will heal the ulcerations.

A common cause is an infection from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

Gastric ulcers occur more frequently than do peptic ulcers.

Erosion is confined to the stomach and esophagus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Surgery to increase mucus will not heal the ulcerations. Peptic ulcers are caused by an imbalance between the digestive fluids hydrochloric acid and pepsin, and the body’s ability to protect itself from these substances. The stomach and the duodenum have some protection from these acids, but if this protection is decreased, or the production of acids and pepsin is increased, an ulcer can form.
Choice B rationale
A common cause of peptic ulcer disease is an infection from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
H. pylori is a bacterium that can damage the protective lining of your stomach and small intestine. This can lead to inflammation and ulcers.

Choice C rationale
Gastric ulcers do not occur more frequently than peptic ulcers. In fact, peptic ulcers include both gastric ulcers, which form on the lining of the stomach, and duodenal ulcers, which form on the lining of the upper part of the small intestine.
Choice D rationale
Erosion is not confined to the stomach and esophagus in peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcers can occur in the stomach and the duodenum, and less commonly, the lower esophagus.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Jello is generally well-tolerated by patients with dumping syndrome. It is not high in sugar or fat, which are the main dietary triggers for dumping syndrome symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Coffee with sugar and a glazed donut are foods that should be avoided by patients with dumping syndrome. These foods are high in simple sugars, which can cause rapid gastric emptying and trigger dumping syndrome symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Eggs and toast are generally well-tolerated by patients with dumping syndrome. These foods are not high in simple sugars or fat, which are the main dietary triggers for dumping syndrome symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Spinach and avocado salad is generally well-tolerated by patients with dumping syndrome. This meal is not high in simple sugars or fat, which are the main dietary triggers for dumping syndrome symptoms.

A. Absent bowel sounds B. Elevated temperature C. Decreased ammonia level D. Pain relieved by taking antacids

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Absent bowel sounds are not a symptom of GERD. They may indicate a serious condition such as intestinal obstruction or ischemia.
Choice B rationale
An elevated temperature is not a symptom of GERD. It may indicate an infection or other medical condition.

Choice C rationale
A decreased ammonia level is not a symptom of GERD. It may be seen in conditions such as liver disease.
Choice D rationale
Pain relieved by taking antacids is a common symptom of GERD. Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid, thereby relieving the burning sensation of heartburn.

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The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is educating a patient about dumping syndrome and food choices. Which of these foods should the patient avoid?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is gathering information from a patient who has GERD. Which of the following observations is a symptom of GERD?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate a correct understanding of peptic ulcer disease?

The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease.
Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?