The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease.
Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?

Surgery to increase mucus will heal the ulcerations.

A common cause is an infection from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

Gastric ulcers occur more frequently than do peptic ulcers.

Erosion is confined to the stomach and esophagus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Surgery to increase mucus will not heal the ulcerations. Peptic ulcers are caused by an imbalance between the digestive fluids hydrochloric acid and pepsin, and the body’s ability to protect itself from these substances. The stomach and the duodenum have some protection from these acids, but if this protection is decreased, or the production of acids and pepsin is increased, an ulcer can form.
Choice B rationale
A common cause of peptic ulcer disease is an infection from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
H. pylori is a bacterium that can damage the protective lining of your stomach and small intestine. This can lead to inflammation and ulcers.

Choice C rationale
Gastric ulcers do not occur more frequently than peptic ulcers. In fact, peptic ulcers include both gastric ulcers, which form on the lining of the stomach, and duodenal ulcers, which form on the lining of the upper part of the small intestine.
Choice D rationale
Erosion is not confined to the stomach and esophagus in peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcers can occur in the stomach and the duodenum, and less commonly, the lower esophagus.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While administering pain medication may provide temporary relief, it does not address the underlying issue of a perforated ulcer, which is a medical emergency.
Choice B rationale

Preparing the client for surgery is the priority action for a nurse when a perforated ulcer is suspected. A perforated ulcer is a medical emergency that often requires immediate surgery.
Choice C rationale
Initiating IV fluid resuscitation may be part of the management for a suspected perforated ulcer, but it is not the first priority. The first priority is to stabilize the patient and prepare for possible surgery.
Choice D rationale
Obtaining a stat abdominal X-ray may help confirm the diagnosis of a perforated ulcer, but it is not the first priority. The first priority is to stabilize the patient and prepare for possible surgery.

Correct Answer is ["22.5"]

Explanation

The order is for potassium chloride 30 mEq. The available medication is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. To calculate the amount to administer: Step 1 is: Set up a proportion to solve for the unknown quantity (X), which is the volume in mL to administer. The proportion is (20 mEq
/ 15 mL) = (30 mEq / X mL).
Step 2 is: Cross-multiply to solve for X. X = (30 mEq * 15 mL) ÷ 20 mEq.
Step 3 is: Calculate X. X = 22.5 mL. So, the nurse should administer 22.5 mL of potassium chloride.

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The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain. The client’s history reveals a previous diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease. The nurse suspects a perforated ulcer. What is the priority action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 30 mEq PO daily. The amount available is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?

Correct Answer is ["22.5"]

Explanation

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The nurse is preparing to provide care for a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease.
Which pathophysiological characteristic will the nurse correctly associate with the patient’s diagnosis?