The nurse is monitoring the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What laboratory study result indicates the medications are effective?

Decreased neutrophil count

Decreased CD4+ Tell count

Decreased viral load

Decreased white blood cell count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Neutrophil count is not a direct measure of ART effectiveness; a decrease may indicate bone marrow suppression or infection.

B. A decreased CD4+ T-cell count suggests disease progression, not effective treatment.

C. A decreased viral load indicates that ART is effectively suppressing HIV replication. This is the primary goal of treatment to prevent disease progression and maintain immune function.

D. A decreased white blood cell count can result from various factors and does not indicate ART effectiveness.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. An "undetectable" viral load means the risk of HIV transmission is significantly reduced ("Undetectable = Untransmittable" or U=U), though precautions should still be followed.

B. Clients with a low CD4+ count (<200 cells/µL) are at increased risk for opportunistic infections. Encouraging a healthy lifestyle and infection prevention helps maintain immune function.

C. Antibiotic prophylaxis is considered for clients with CD4+ counts <200 cells/µL, but it does not prevent viral load elevation.

D. There is no cure for HIV; lifelong ART is required to maintain viral suppression.

A. “Wash dishes in hot water with antimicrobial soap." B. "Perform frequent hand and Oral hygiene." C. "Have at least one person sitting between you and any sick family members at the dinner table.” D. “Wear gloves while cleaning the cat's litter box.” E. “Be sure to rinse fresh fruits and vegetables before eating.”

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Washing dishes in hot water with antimicrobial soap helps prevent foodborne infections.

B. Frequent hand and oral hygiene reduce the risk of bacterial and fungal infections.

C. Simply sitting farther away from sick individuals is not sufficient; avoiding direct contact and ensuring proper hand hygiene is more effective.

D. Wearing gloves while cleaning the litter box prevents toxoplasmosis, an opportunistic infection common in immunocompromised clients.

E. Rinsing fresh produce reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses.

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The nurse is monitoring the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What laboratory study result indicates the medications are effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Eight years after beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART), a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection has a CD4+ cell count of 81 cell/L and an "undetectable" viral load. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client newly diagnosed With HIV. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in the teaching to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

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