The nurse is explaining to a patient the purpose of certain lab tests that have been ordered.
A carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test was ordered and the patient is asking what this value will indicate. Which of the following is correct?
CEA is a chemotherapy drug used to treat cancer.
CEA is a surgical procedure used to remove cancerous tumors.
CEA is a tumor suppressor gene that inhibits the growth of cancer cells.
CEA is a blood test used to detect and monitor certain types of cancer.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
CEA is not a chemotherapy drug. Chemotherapy drugs are medications used to treat cancer, while CEA is a protein that can be measured in the blood.
Choice B rationale
CEA is not a surgical procedure. It’s a type of protein in the body that can be measured through a blood test.
Choice C rationale
CEA is not a tumor suppressor gene. Tumor suppressor genes are genes that regulate cell division and prevent the formation of tumors, while CEA is a protein that can be present in higher amounts in people with certain types of cancer.
Choice D rationale
CEA is a blood test used to detect and monitor certain types of cancer. It’s often used in people who’ve been previously diagnosed with certain types of cancer, most commonly colorectal cancer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Elevating the head of the bed is a recommended strategy to minimize the effects of reflux during sleep. This position uses gravity to keep stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
Choice B rationale
Eating a snack 1 hour before going to bed can actually worsen reflux symptoms. It’s generally recommended to avoid eating 2-3 hours before bedtime.
Choice C rationale
Alcohol can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, making it easier for stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. Therefore, consuming alcohol before bed is not advisable.
Choice D rationale
Sleeping on the stomach with the head flat can exacerbate reflux symptoms. This position does not utilize gravity to keep stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pursed-lip breathing can help improve oxygenation and reduce shortness of breath in clients with COPD. However, it is not the priority action when a client reports difficulty breathing.
Choice B rationale
Increasing the oxygen flow rate without a physician’s order can lead to oxygen toxicity or suppress the respiratory drive in clients with COPD. Therefore, this is not the priority action.
Choice C rationale
Coughing and expectorating secretions can help clear the airways, but it is not the priority action when a client reports difficulty breathing.
Choice D rationale
Evaluating the client’s respiratory status is the priority action. The nurse should assess the client’s breath sounds, respiratory rate, use of accessory muscles, and oxygen saturation to determine the severity of the client’s difficulty breathing and guide further interventions.
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