Choice A rationale
Coffee ground vomitus is a symptom that indicates upper gastrointestinal bleeding. One of the conditions that can cause this symptom is a hiatal hernia. A hiatal hernia occurs when part of your stomach pushes upward through your diaphragm, and it can cause acid reflux, which can lead to esophagitis and bleeding. When the blood mixes with stomach acid, it can look like coffee grounds when vomited.
Choice B rationale
Gallbladder disease typically presents with symptoms such as abdominal pain (especially after eating), nausea, vomiting, bloating, and fever. While it can cause discomfort and complications like gallstones and inflammation, it does not typically cause coffee ground vomitus.

Choice A rationale

Administering appropriate antibiotic therapy is a common nursing intervention to manage H. pylori infection. The recommended treatment for H. pylori typically involves using a triple-

drug therapy regimen, including a proton pump inhibitor or PPI like omeprazole, and two antibiotics, which include clarithromycin plus either metronidazole or amoxicillin. This treatment helps eradicate the bacterial infection through different mechanisms of action.

Choice B rationale

While maintaining a high-fiber diet is generally beneficial for overall health, it is not specifically related to the management of H. pylori infection. The primary treatment for H. pylori is antibiotic therapy, not dietary changes.

Choice C rationale

Over-the-counter antacids can help to neutralize stomach acid and provide temporary relief from symptoms, but they do not treat the underlying H. pylori infection. Therefore, while they may be used as part of symptom management, they are not a primary treatment strategy.

Choice D rationale

Assisting the patient with proper hand hygiene is always important in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infections. However, it is not specifically related to the management of H. pylori infection. The bacteria are typically contracted during childhood, and the exact modes of transmission are not fully understood.