The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional information?

I will learn to carefully check my blood glucose since I am prone to ketoacidosis.

My pancreas may have started to attack itself after a childhood viral infection.

may be genetically prone since diabetes goes back for several generations.

I know that I am obese and can reduce my need for insulin with weight loss.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Obesity and weight loss are more directly linked to type 2 diabetes but they are not primary factors in the management of type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Weight loss can improve insulin sensitivity, which might be relevant for type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance, but type 1 diabetes patients will always require exogenous insulin regardless of weight changes.
A. Patients with type 1 diabetes are at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious condition caused by high blood glucose levels and ketone buildup due to insufficient insulin. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial in preventing DKA.
B. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the insulin- producing beta cells in the pancreas. A viral infection can sometimes trigger this autoimmune response in genetically susceptible individuals.
C. There is a genetic component to type 1 diabetes, and having a family history of the disease can increase the risk, although environmental factors also play a role.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Alpha cells, also known as A cells, are a type of pancreatic islet cell (or islet of Langerhans cell) that secretes glucagon. Glucagon plays a crucial role in increasing blood sugar levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver and stimulating the release of glucose into the bloodstream.
A. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies as part of the immune response. They are not involved in the production of glucagon.
B. Acinar cells are exocrine cells found in the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ducts. These enzymes aid in the digestion of food in the small intestine. Acinar cells are not involved in the production of glucagon.

C. Beta cells are another type of cell in the pancreas, but they secrete insulin, not glucagon. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells for energy or storage.

A. "I will drink less fluid." B. "I will try not to gain weight" C. "I will sleep with the head of my bed elevated." D. “I will consume less caffeine and spicy foods." E. “I will lie down for one half hour after meals."

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

B. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for managing a hiatal hernia. Excess body weight can increase abdominal pressure and exacerbate symptoms. Weight loss, if necessary, can help reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms.
C. Elevating the head of the bed helps prevent the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus while sleeping. Gravity helps keep the stomach contents down, reducing the risk of acid reflux and associated symptoms.
D. Caffeine and spicy foods can irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate symptoms of hiatal hernia, such as heartburn and acid reflux. Reducing the intake of these foods can help manage symptoms.
A. This is not typically a recommendation for managing a hiatal hernia. Drinking fluids is important for overall health and digestion. However, it is advisable to avoid drinking large amounts of fluids quickly, especially with meals, as this can increase intra-abdominal pressure and worsen symptoms.
E. Lying down after meals can increase the risk of reflux and worsen symptoms of a hiatal hernia. It is generally recommended to remain upright for at least a couple of hours after eating to prevent reflux.

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The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional information?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What type of cells secrete glucagon?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary recommendations for a client who has a hiatal hernia. Which of the following client statements indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse knows a patient with type 1 diabetes needs more education when the patient makes which of the following statements?

A patient with newly diagnosed diabetes asks the nurse what to take for low blood sugar. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to suggest?

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The nurse is preparing to teach about the long-term complications for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which finding is accurate?

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