The nurse is caring for a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Which action aids in bronchodilation to improve breathing for this child?

Teaching the child to take long, slow breaths

Assisting with racemic epinephrine nebulizer therapy

Administering an oral analgesic

Administering a corticosteroid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Teaching the child to take long, slow breaths:

While teaching slow breathing techniques can be helpful in managing anxiety and promoting a sense of calm, it may not directly address the underlying airway inflammation and bronchodilation needed in acute laryngotracheobronchitis.

B. Assisting with racemic epinephrine nebulizer therapy:

Racemic epinephrine is a medication that contains epinephrine, a bronchodilator. Nebulizer therapy with racemic epinephrine helps reduce airway inflammation, allowing for bronchodilation and improved breathing. This is a common intervention for managing acute respiratory distress in conditions like croup.

C. Administering an oral analgesic:

Oral analgesics, such as pain medications, can provide relief from discomfort or pain, but they do not directly address the bronchodilation needed for conditions like acute laryngotracheobronchitis.

D. Administering a corticosteroid:

Corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce swelling and inflammation in the airways. By doing so, they contribute to bronchodilation and improved breathing in conditions like croup. Corticosteroids are often used as part of the treatment plan for acute laryngotracheobronchitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Preventing spread of infection:

This is a priority because individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a compromised immune system. Preventing the spread of infections is crucial to avoid additional complications and safeguard the individual's health.

B. Maintaining skin integrity:

Skin integrity is important for overall health, but in the context of AIDS, preventing infections and promoting immune function take precedence over maintaining skin integrity. Skin issues might be secondary to the immune system's compromised state.

C. Improving nutrition:

Good nutrition is important for overall health, including supporting the immune system. However, preventing the spread of infection is more immediate and critical in the case of someone with AIDS. Addressing nutritional needs can be part of the overall care plan but might be secondary to preventing infections.

D. Promoting comfort:

While promoting comfort is essential in nursing care, the priority in the case of a child with AIDS would be preventing the spread of infection due to the immunocompromised state. Comfort measures may be incorporated into the care plan, but they would not take precedence over preventing further health complications.

A. Dark red, macular lesions, and very pruritic B. Various stages of lesions present at the same time, appear in successive crops, and very pruritic C. Yellowish, scaly patches present on the scalp D. A pink maculopapular rash starts at the hairline and spreads down the body

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Dark red, macular lesions, and very pruritic:

Varicella lesions are typically pink or red and start as macules (flat, red spots) that develop into papules (raised bumps) and then vesicles (fluid-filled blisters). Dark red macular lesions are not commonly associated with varicella.

B. Various stages of lesions present at the same time, appear in successive crops, and very pruritic:

The presence of various stages of lesions (papules, vesicles, crusts) simultaneously, occurring in successive crops, and being intensely itchy are typical features of varicella.

C. Yellowish, scaly patches present on the scalp:

Yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp are not typical of varicella. This description is more indicative of conditions like seborrheic dermatitis rather than the rash associated with chickenpox.

D. A pink maculopapular rash starts at the hairline and spreads down the body.

Varicella rash usually begins as pink or red spots that develop into small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles). These vesicles can then progress to form crusts and scabs. The rash often starts on the face, scalp, or trunk and then spreads to other parts of the body, gradually covering the entire body.

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The nurse is caring for a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis. Which action aids in bronchodilation to improve breathing for this child?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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