The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient in renal failure who is in metabolic acidosis. Which laboratory findings are consistent with metabolic acidosis?
pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3-25 mEq/L
pH 7.32, PaCO2 47 mm Hg. HCO3-23 mEq/L
pH 7.3, PaCO2 36 mm Hg. HCO3- 19 mEq/L
pH 7.5, PaCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3- 35 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is C
A. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3-25 mEq/L: This is within normal ranges and does not indicate acidosis.
B. pH 7.32, PaCO2 47 mm Hg. HCO3-23 mEq/L: This indicates respiratory acidosis, not metabolic.
C. pH 7.3, PaCO2 36 mm Hg. HCO3- 19 mEq/L: This indicates metabolic acidosis. The pH is low (acidic), and the HCO3- (bicarbonate) is decreased. The PaCO2 is within normal limits, indicating the respiratory system is compensating for the metabolic acidosis.
D. pH 7.5, PaCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3- 35 mEq/L: This indicates alkalosis, not acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C"]
Explanation
A. Asking the client to read their identification bracelet can be additional verification steps, but it is not standard practice for all institutions
B. To point to the surgical site can be additional verification steps, but it is not standard practice for all institutions.
C. Using two acceptable client identifiers, such as the client's name and date of birth, to confirm the patient's identity.
D. It is important to verify that the surgical site has been marked, which is a critical step in preventing wrong-site surgery.
E. Asking the client to state the surgery being performed is a good practice as it involves the patient in their care and serves as a final verification of the correct procedure.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The correct actions to take include staying with the client for the first 15-30 minutes after starting the transfusion, not just the first 10 minutes, to monitor for any adverse reactions.
B. It is also crucial to use 0.9% sodium chloride solution, not 5% dextrose in water, to flush the transfusion tubing.
C. It is a standard practice to have two nurses check the blood unit label to verify the correct blood type and compatibility before administration.
D. The transfusion should not be rushed over 1 hour; instead, it should be administered over a period of 2-4 hours, depending on the patient's condition and the volume of PRBCs to be transfused.
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