The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a first episode of acute cholecystitis. Which of the following may have contributed to this event? She:

eats a high fiber diet.

has had a normal weight gain with her pregnancy.

is of African-American ancestry.

is 8 months pregnant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Pregnancy is a known risk factor for gallstone formation and cholecystitis. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, particularly increased levels of estrogen, can lead to increased cholesterol saturation in bile, decreased gallbladder emptying, and increased risk of gallstone formation.
A. Fiber helps to regulate bowel movements and may decrease cholesterol levels in bile, thereby reducing the likelihood of gallstone formation.
B. Pregnancy itself can predispose individuals to gallstone formation due to hormonal changes that increase cholesterol saturation in bile. However, normal weight gain reduces the risk of cholecystitis.
C. Certain ethnicities, including individuals of Native American, Hispanic, and African-American ancestry, have a higher prevalence of gallstones compared to other populations. However, ethnicity alone may not be a direct cause of acute cholecystitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Loops of large bowel become visibly outlined through the abdominal wall is a typical late clinical finding of a large bowel obstruction. In fact, visible loops of bowel through the abdominal wall may be observed in cases of a severe bowel obstruction, but it is not typically considered a late finding.

B. Intense thirst, parched tongue, and dry mucous membranes suggest dehydration, which can occur as a result of vomiting, decreased fluid intake, or fluid loss due to the obstruction. However, dehydration may occur earlier in the course of a bowel obstruction and may not be considered a late finding.
C. Vomiting in large bowel obstruction is commonly of fecal contents.
D. High-pitched, frequent bowel sounds is not a typical late clinical finding of a large bowel obstruction. Instead, bowel sounds are usually diminished or absent in cases of bowel obstruction due to decreased peristalsis beyond the site of obstruction.

A. Severe abdominal distention and cramping B. Vomiting of fecal material and absent bowel sounds C. Ribbon-like stools and mild discomfort D. Crampy abdominal pain, wavelike and colicky

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. The initial clinical manifestation associated with an obstruction in the duodenum is crampy abdominal pain, wavelike, and colicky. This discomfort occurs due to the blockage of the small intestine, leading to spasms and pain as the body tries to move contents past the obstruction.
A. Severe abdominal distention and cramping can occur with various gastrointestinal conditions, including an obstruction in the duodenum. However, this manifestation is not specific to duodenal obstruction and can occur with obstructions at other locations in the gastrointestinal tract.
B. Vomiting of fecal material, known as feculent vomiting, is a hallmark sign of a complete obstruction in the lower gastrointestinal tract.
C. Ribbon-like stools are more commonly associated with conditions affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract, such as colorectal cancer or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

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The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a first episode of acute cholecystitis. Which of the following may have contributed to this event? She:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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