The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.
Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.
signs of polycythemia
Need for fluid restrictions
Obtain a daily weight
Frequent oral care
Normal protein in the diet
Avoid nephrotoxic substances
Decrease sodium in the diet
Close monitoring of urine output
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,G,H
A. Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B. Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C. Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D. Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E. Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F. Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G. A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.
H. Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.
Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Using a systematic method for analyzing ECG tracings helps ensure that abnormalities are not overlooked, promoting accurate interpretation and diagnosis. This approach reduces the risk of diagnostic errors and ensures thorough assessment of cardiac rhythm and conduction abnormalities.
B. While using a systematic method may aid memory, its primary purpose is to ensure thoroughness and accuracy in ECG interpretation, rather than solely enhancing memory retention.
C. Indeed, using a systematic method establishes a routine for analyzing ECG tracings, aiding in consistent and comprehensive assessment, which is crucial for detecting subtle changes and abnormalities.
D. While using a systematic method may ultimately save time by preventing errors and ensuring efficiency, its primary purpose is accuracy rather than speed. The focus is on comprehensive analysis rather than expediency.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While assessment and data collection are important, the priority in the presence of a life-threatening arrhythmia is to initiate immediate interventions to address the situation.
B. The nurse should immediately inform the healthcare provider about the life- threatening arrhythmia to obtain further guidance and potential orders for intervention.
C. Vital signs are important, but they should not delay immediate action when a life- threatening arrhythmia is present.
D. Administering antiarrhythmic medication may be necessary, but the nurse should first notify the healthcare provider to obtain orders and guidance before administering any medications.
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