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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

signs of polycythemia

Need for fluid restrictions

Obtain a daily weight

Frequent oral care

Normal protein in the diet

Avoid nephrotoxic substances

Decrease sodium in the diet

Close monitoring of urine output

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,G,H

A.   Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B.   Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C.   Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D.   Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E.   Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F.   Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G.   A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.

H.   Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.

Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While a splenectomy can lead to increased workload on the liver, it does not directly predispose the patient to liver disease.
B. A history of splenectomy does not specifically increase the risk of lupus.

C. Patients who have undergone splenectomy are at increased risk of certain infections, particularly encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause pneumonia.
D. A history of splenectomy does not directly increase the risk of renal disease.

A. Defibrillation B. Antiarrhythmic medication C. Synchronized cardioversion D. Pacemaker

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia requires immediate defibrillation to restore a perfusing rhythm.
B. Antiarrhythmic medications are not typically effective for pulseless ventricular tachycardia as the heart is not effectively pumping blood.
C. Synchronized cardioversion is used for certain tachyarrhythmias with a pulse but is not appropriate for pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
D. A pacemaker is not indicated for pulseless ventricular tachycardia as it does not address the underlying issue of cardiac arrest.

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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions. Exhibits Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is taking a health history and notes the patient has a history of a splenectomy. For which condition is this patient at risk?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse responds to a call for assistance with a patient in pulseless ventricular tachycardia. The nurse prepares for what first-line treatment for this rhythm?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.