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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

signs of polycythemia

Need for fluid restrictions

Obtain a daily weight

Frequent oral care

Normal protein in the diet

Avoid nephrotoxic substances

Decrease sodium in the diet

Close monitoring of urine output

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D,E,G,H

A.   Polycythemia (an abnormally high red blood cell count) is not typically a primary concern in dialysis patients; instead, they are more often monitored for anemia.
B.   Dialysis patients often need to restrict fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, which can exacerbate edema and cause additional cardiovascular strain.
C.   Daily weight monitoring is crucial for dialysis patients to track fluid balance and detect any sudden changes that might indicate fluid retention or loss.
D.   Frequent oral care is important to prevent infections, particularly because dialysis patients are at increased risk due to their compromised immune systems and possible fluid restrictions, which can lead to dry mouth and other oral health issues.
E.   Dialysis patients may need a modified protein intake, depending on their specific needs and the type of dialysis (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Protein needs can vary, so it is essential to follow the specific dietary recommendations provided by a healthcare provider.
F.   Avoiding nephrotoxic substances (e.g., certain medications, contrast dyes) is critical to protect the remaining kidney function and prevent further damage.
G.   A low-sodium diet helps manage blood pressure and fluid balance, reducing the risk of fluid retention and hypertension in dialysis patients.

H.   Monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney function and fluid balance.

Even though dialysis takes over some kidney functions, any remaining urine output can provide valuable information about the patient's residual kidney function.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

A. Increased premature ventricular contractions along with symptoms of anxiety and shortness of breath may indicate worsening cardiac function or an acute cardiac event, necessitating immediate medical attention.
B. Oxygen therapy may help alleviate symptoms of shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing cardiac symptoms.
C. These diagnostic tests can provide valuable information about cardiac function and any potential myocardial damage or ischemia, helping guide further treatment and management.
D. The modified Trendelenburg position may increase cardiac workload, which is not beneficial in the case of PVCs.
E. The patient should not be left alone due to the need for ongoing assessment and potential rapid intervention. Furthermore, leaving them alone could worsen their anxiety.
F. Elevating the head of the bed can aid in breathing and comfort, reducing the sensation of breathlessness.

A. Drape the biopsy site. B. Observe the patient for bleeding. C. Explain the procedure to the patient's family. D. Administer an analgesic to the patient.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While draping is essential for maintaining sterility, it's typically done right before the physician performs the biopsy, not as a primary pre-procedure step for the nurse.
B. Monitoring for bleeding is important after the procedure, not necessarily beforehand.
C. Although informing the family can be helpful, the patient's understanding and consent are the top priority. Pain management is crucial for patient comfort and cooperation during the procedure.
D. Administering an analgesic helps reduce the patient's anxiety and discomfort during the bone marrow biopsy, which can be a painful procedure. This improves patient tolerance and allows the physician to perform the procedure more efficiently.

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The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions. Exhibits Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F"]

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to assist the physician with a bone marrow biopsy. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to carry out before the procedure?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is waiting for transport to dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the urinalysis results of a client who reports urinary frequency and burning. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old female patient coming to the clinic with peripheral edema, periorbital edema, and flank pain. Use the chart to answer the questions.

Exhibits

Which items should the nurse include when teaching the patient and family about dialysis? Select all that apply.