The nurse is assessing the client's vital signs and is aware that which assessment data requires immediate attention?

Choice A rationale:

Scabies is a skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. While it is contagious, it does not require the use of an N95 respirator mask. Standard precautions, including wearing gloves, are sufficient when caring for a client with scabies.

Choice B rationale:

Mycoplasmal pneumonia is a type of pneumonia caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It is typically spread through respiratory droplets and does not require the use of an N95 respirator mask. Standard precautions, including wearing a mask, are appropriate for this condition.

Choice C rationale:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. To prevent the inhalation of TB bacteria, healthcare workers should wear N95 respirator masks (or higher level respirators) when caring for clients with active TB disease.

Choice D rationale:

Scarlet fever is a bacterial illness that develops in some people who have strep throat. It is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and is typically treated with antibiotics. Scarlet fever does not require the use of an N95 respirator mask. Standard precautions, including wearing gloves and a mask, are appropriate when caring for a client with scarlet fever. Wearing an N95 respirator mask is crucial when caring for clients with airborne infectious diseases like tuberculosis. This type of mask is designed to filter out at least 95% of airborne particles, providing a high level of protection for healthcare workers.

Choice A rationale:

A combining vowel is a vowel (usually "o") that connects a word root to a suffix or another root. It aids in the pronunciation and flow of the word. For example, in the word "gastroenteritis," "o" is the combining vowel that connects the word root "gastr-" (stomach) to the suffix "-itis" (inflammation) Combining vowels do not provide the general meaning of the word.

Choice B rationale:

The word root provides the fundamental meaning of the word. It is the core of the medical term and gives the essential meaning. For example, in the word "cardiology," the word root "cardio-" refers to the heart. Understanding word roots is crucial in comprehending medical terminology.

Choice C rationale:

A suffix is an affix added at the end of a word to form a derivative, indicating a characteristic of a person or thing. For instance, in the word "dermatologist," the suffix "-ologist" indicates a person who studies or practices a particular kind of knowledge, in this case, dermatology (the study of the skin)

Choice D rationale:

A prefix is an affix added to the beginning of a word to modify its meaning. For example, in the term "preoperative," the prefix "pre-" means before, and it modifies the root word "operative," indicating something that occurs before an operation. Prefixes provide additional information about the word's context but do not give the general meaning of the word itself.