The nurse is assessing the client for the presence of dysuria. The nurse should ask: "Do you:

experience any pain or burning on urination?"

pass a little urine on a frequent basis?"

feel that you are able to empty your bladder fully each time you void?"

have a problem stopping or starting the flow of urine?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. This is the most direct and appropriate question to assess for dysuria. Dysuria is characterized by pain, discomfort, or burning sensation during urination. Asking this question helps the nurse to directly assess if the client is experiencing these symptoms.

B. This question is more relevant for assessing urinary frequency rather than dysuria. It is important for assessing other urinary symptoms but does not specifically address the characteristic pain or discomfort associated with dysuria.

C. This question is pertinent for assessing urinary retention or incomplete emptying of the bladder, which are different concerns from dysuria. It evaluates the client's perception of bladder emptying rather than pain or discomfort during urination.

D. This question is more relevant for assessing urinary hesitancy or urgency, which are related to bladder function but are not specific to dysuria. It addresses issues with urine flow dynamics rather than pain or discomfort during urination.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is identified and treated (e.g., correcting electrolyte imbalances, managing infections, discontinuing medications contributing to delirium). With appropriate intervention, the mental status can improve, and the individual can return to their baseline cognitive function.

A. Dementia, on the other hand, is a chronic, progressive syndrome that primarily affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. It does not typically cause acute changes in consciousness.

B. Memory impairment is a hallmark feature of dementia, especially in the early stages. In contrast, delirium primarily affects attention, awareness, and cognition acutely, with memory impairment being variable and not a defining feature.

D. Delirium develops rapidly, often over hours to days, in response to an acute medical condition, medication change, or other factors. It is characterized by a fluctuating course and can resolve once the underlying cause is managed.

A. modifying the environment to compensate for changes in cognitive status B. using short. simple sentences when communicating with the client C. allowing the client to participate in performing ADLS to the best of their ability D. discouraging family members from visiting. E. giving the client choices with a wide variety of options.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Clients with dementia often experience cognitive decline, which can affect their ability to navigate their surroundings safely. Modifying the environment can include simplifying the layout, reducing clutter, using clear signage, and ensuring adequate lighting to enhance orientation and reduce confusion.

B. Communication difficulties are common in dementia. Using short, simple sentences helps clients better understand instructions and information. It reduces confusion and frustration, promoting effective communication and cooperation during care.

C. Maintaining independence and dignity is crucial for clients with dementia. Allowing them to participate in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) to the extent possible helps preserve their functional abilities, boosts their self-esteem, and promotes a sense of control over their environment.

E. Providing choices within a structured framework can empower clients with dementia. It allows them to maintain some control over their daily routine and decisions, thereby enhancing their sense of autonomy and reducing agitation or resistance to care.

D. This is not an appropriate intervention. Social interaction, including visits from family members, can have significant emotional and psychological benefits for clients with dementia. It can help reduce feelings of isolation, improve mood, and provide reassurance and familiarity.

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The nurse is assessing the client for the presence of dysuria. The nurse should ask: "Do you:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has cognitive changes. The nurse recognizes that which statement regarding dementia and delirium is true?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is providing care for an elderly client who has dementia. Interventions used would include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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