The nurse is assessing an older female adult client’s nutritional status. Which finding indicates that the client has a nutritional deficiency?

Reference Ranges: Hemoglobin [12 to 16 g/dL (120 to 160 g/L)] Hematocrit [37% to 47% (0.37 to 0.47 volume fraction)] Albumin [3.5 to 5.0 g/dL (35 to 50 g/L)] Serum transferrin [250 to 380 mg/dL (2.5 to 3.80 g/L)]

Low weight as determined from a height/weight comparison chart.

Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L) and hematocrit (Hct) of 34% (0.34).

Decreased lean body mass compared to results of 10 years ago.

Serum albumin of 3 g/dL (30 g/L) and serum transferrin of 180 mg/dL (18 g/L).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Low weight as determined from a height/weight comparison chart can indicate malnutrition, but it is not as specific as biochemical markers. Weight alone does not provide a complete picture of nutritional status, as it can be influenced by various factors such as fluid retention or loss of muscle mass.

B. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L) and hematocrit (Hct) of 34% (0.34) are below the normal reference ranges, indicating anemia. Anemia can result from various nutritional deficiencies, including iron, vitamin B12, or folate deficiencies. However, it does not provide a comprehensive assessment of overall nutritional status.

C. Decreased lean body mass compared to results of 10 years ago suggests muscle wasting, which can be a sign of malnutrition. However, it is not as specific as biochemical markers like serum albumin and transferrin levels, which provide more direct evidence of protein-energy malnutrition.

D. Serum albumin of 3 g/dL (30 g/L) and serum transferrin of 180 mg/dL (18 g/L) are below the normal reference ranges, indicating protein-energy malnutrition. Low levels of these proteins are strong indicators of poor nutritional status and are commonly used to assess malnutrition in clinical settings.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D reason:

Discussing the benefits and limitations of using the glycemic index is important because it provides the client with a comprehensive understanding of how this tool can aid in weight loss and overall health. The glycemic index measures how quickly foods raise blood sugar levels, which can help in selecting foods that promote stable blood sugar and sustained energy. However, it is also important to understand that the glycemic index does not account for portion sizes or the nutritional content of foods, so it should be used as part of a broader dietary strategy.

Choice A reason:

Encouraging the client to talk about reasons for desiring to lose weight is supportive and can help in understanding the client’s motivations. However, it does not directly address the client’s plan to use the glycemic index for weight loss. The focus should be on providing specific guidance related to the glycemic index.

Choice B reason:

Asking if using the glycemic index has helped the client stay on track with weight loss goals is a good follow-up question but does not provide the necessary information or guidance about the glycemic index itself. The nurse should first ensure the client understands how to use the glycemic index effectively.

Choice C reason:

Advising the client to seek medical supervision before using the glycemic index is generally good advice, especially for individuals with specific health conditions. However, it is more practical to provide immediate information about the glycemic index and its use, while also recommending medical supervision if needed.

A. Soda crackers. B. Baked chicken. C. Flavored gelatin. D. Scrambled eggs. E. Grilled salmon.

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

Choice B reason:

Baked chicken is a good source of lean protein, which is essential for tissue repair and healing after surgery. Protein helps in the recovery process by promoting muscle strength and overall healing. Including baked chicken in the diet ensures that the client receives adequate protein to support postoperative recovery.

Choice E reason:

Grilled salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and high-quality protein, both of which are beneficial for healing and reducing inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce postoperative inflammation and support overall health. Including grilled salmon in the diet provides essential nutrients that aid in the recovery process.

Choice A reason:

Soda crackers are low in nutritional value and do not provide the necessary nutrients for healing. They are primarily composed of refined carbohydrates and do not contribute significantly to the client’s recovery needs.

Choice C reason:

Flavored gelatin is low in protein and other essential nutrients required for healing. While it can be a light and easy-to-digest option, it does not provide the necessary nutrients to support postoperative recovery.

Choice D reason:

Scrambled eggs are a good source of protein and other essential nutrients, making them beneficial for postoperative healing. They are easy to prepare and digest, providing the client with the necessary nutrients to support recovery.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who is overweight tells the nurse of plans to monitor the glycemic index of foods the client eats to ensure an adequate intake of vitamins and nutrients while trying to lose weight. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A malnourished child is receiving several nutritional supplements. Which statement by the child indicates that an adequate amount of Vitamin A is being provided?

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