The nurse is assessing a patient’s understanding of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. Which patient behavior suggests adherence to this diet?

The patient exclusively consumes lactose-free dairy products.

The patient meticulously cleans and peels all fresh fruits and vegetables.

The patient enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack.

The patient has eliminated grains from their diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Exclusively consuming lactose-free dairy products is not a specific characteristic of the DASH diet. While the DASH diet recommends low-fat or fat-free dairy products, it does not specifically require them to be lactose-free.
Choice B rationale
Meticulously cleaning and peeling all fresh fruits and vegetables is a good practice for food safety, but it is not specific to the DASH diet.
Choice C rationale
Enjoying fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack aligns with the DASH diet’s emphasis on low-fat dairy products.
Choice D rationale
Eliminating grains from the diet is not recommended in the DASH diet. On the contrary, the DASH diet encourages the consumption of whole grains.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Double vision.Double vision, or diplopia, can indicatephenytoin toxicity, which is a serious condition that may lead to impaired vision and increased risk of falls or injuries. This side effect suggests that the patient may be experiencing adverse reactions to the medication, necessitating prompt evaluation and intervention, such as checking serum phenytoin levels and possibly adjusting the medication regimen

.The other options do not require immediate intervention:

A. Chronic insomniais not a critical side effect of phenytoin and may be managed with lifestyle modifications or further assessment.
B. Puffy, bleeding gumsare common side effects associated with phenytoin (gingival hyperplasia) but are not immediately life-threatening.
D. Blood pressure 100/78 mm Hgis within normal limits and does not indicate a need for urgent action

A. Explain the need to limit intake of oral fluids to reduce client discomfort. B. Teach the client techniques for performing intermittent catheterization. C. Remind the client to practice pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises regularly. D. Provide a bedside commode for immediate use in the client’s room.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Limiting intake of oral fluids is not typically recommended for a client with urinary retention related to sensorimotor deficits in multiple sclerosis. Adequate hydration is important for overall health and can help prevent urinary tract infections14.
Choice B rationale
Teaching the client techniques for performing intermittent catheterization is a common and effective strategy for managing urinary retention in multiple sclerosis. This can help the client maintain independence and improve quality of life14.
Choice C rationale
While pelvic floor (Kegel) exercises can help strengthen the muscles involved in urination, they may not be sufficient to manage urinary retention in a client with multiple sclerosis.
Intermittent catheterization (Choice B) is often more effective14.
Choice D rationale
Providing a bedside commode can be helpful for a client with mobility issues, but it does not directly address the issue of urinary retention in multiple sclerosis14.

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The nurse is assessing a patient’s understanding of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. Which patient behavior suggests adherence to this diet?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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