The nurse is assessing a patient’s understanding of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet. Which patient behavior suggests adherence to this diet?

Choice A rationale
Rubbing painful areas gently until the pain subsides is not typically recommended for managing pain in Raynaud’s disease. This could potentially cause more harm than good19.
Choice B rationale
Wearing gloves when handling cold items can help guard against painful spasms in Raynaud’s disease. Cold temperatures can trigger Raynaud’s attacks, so protecting the hands from cold is a key part of managing the condition19.
Choice C rationale
The need for return appointments for IV pain medication is not typically a primary component of pain management in Raynaud’s disease. Pain in Raynaud’s disease is usually managed through lifestyle modifications and medications19.
Choice D rationale
While enrolling in a pain clinic can provide pain relief alternatives, it’s not the first line of management for pain in Raynaud’s disease. The primary management strategies include avoiding cold exposure and using medications to improve blood flow19.

Choice A rationale
While the renin-angiotensin response can be affected in cirrhosis, it is not the primary mechanism contributing to edema and ascites. In cirrhosis, there can be a decrease in renal blood flow which can lead to activation of the renin-angiotensin system, but this is not the main cause of fluid accumulation.
Choice B rationale
Hypoalbuminemia, or low levels of albumin in the blood, is a common occurrence in cirrhosis. Albumin is a protein that helps maintain oncotic pressure, which keeps fluid in the blood vessels. When albumin levels are low, fluid can leak out of the blood vessels and accumulate in the abdomen (ascites) and in the tissues, causing edema.
Choice C rationale
Hyperaldosteronism can occur in cirrhosis and can contribute to fluid retention. However, it is not the primary mechanism leading to edema and ascites. Aldosterone promotes sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, which can contribute to fluid retention, but this is usually a secondary response to other changes in the body.
Choice D rationale
Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral circulation is not the primary mechanism contributing to edema and ascites in cirrhosis. While portal hypertension is a common complication of cirrhosis, it is not directly responsible for the development of edema and ascites.