The nurse, assisting with Phase I drug studies, is talking with a woman who asks, “Why can't I participate in this study”? What would be the nurse's best response?

Drugs affect women differently than they affect men.

Women are more prone to adverse effects from medications.

Drugs are only tested on men because they are stronger.

Drugs pose a greater risk to women of reproductive age.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

a) While men and women may metabolize drugs differently, this is not the primary reason why women are often excluded from Phase I drug trials.

b) Women are not necessarily more prone to adverse effects, but concerns about fetal exposure and reproductive risks have historically limited women's participation in early trials.

c) This statement is incorrect and misleading. Drug trials are not based on strength but rather on safety, ethical concerns, and risk of reproductive harm.

d) Phase I studies test drugs on healthy volunteers, and historically, women of childbearing age were excluded due to concerns about potential teratogenic effects and unknown risks to a developing fetus. Although regulations have changed, caution is still exercised when including women in early-stage drug trials.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Applying the medication liberally is incorrect because the amount of medication applied should be based on the prescribed dose. Overapplication can lead to excessive absorption and potential systemic effects.

b) Cleaning the skin with alcohol before applying the medication is not always necessary and can cause irritation. Some medications require specific preparation, but alcohol is not a universal requirement.

c) Using sterile technique is generally unnecessary for topical medication application unless the skin is broken or there is an open wound requiring sterility.

d) Wearing gloves is essential to prevent medication absorption through the nurse’s skin and to reduce the risk of contamination or infection.

A. "I should insert the needle and inject the medication without aspirating for blood." B. "I should put firm pressure on the injection site to decrease the risk for bleeding." C. "I will insert the needle at a 10-degree angle when injecting." D. "The subcutaneous route is used because absorption is faster this way."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When administering subcutaneous heparin, aspiration should be avoided because it can cause tissue damage and increase the risk of hematoma formation. This statement correctly reflects safe administration technique.

B. Firm pressure on the injection site is not recommended after heparin administration because it can increase the risk of bruising and bleeding. Instead, gentle pressure should be applied if necessary.

C. Subcutaneous injections should be given at a 45- to 90-degree angle, depending on the patient’s body mass. A 10-degree angle is too shallow and may result in improper medication delivery.

D. The subcutaneous route does not provide faster absorption than other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular. Instead, it allows for slow, steady absorption, which is desirable for anticoagulants like heparin.

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The nurse, assisting with Phase I drug studies, is talking with a woman who asks, “Why can't I participate in this study”? What would be the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When administering topical medications, which is an important nursing action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an overweight patient to administer subcutaneous heparin. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 70-year-old patient has just received a drug that can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

The nurse learns that a patient cannot afford a prescribed medication and enlists the assistance of the social worker and an outside agency to provide medications at a lower cost. Which QSEN competency do the nurse’s actions best demonstrate?

Which category is characterized as objective data?

What is the responsibility of the nurse related to the patient's drug therapy? (Select all that apply.)

What factors can influence drug absorption? (Select all that apply)

The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old patient who has just begun taking a thiazide diuretic to treat hypertension. What is an important aspect of care for this patient?

When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, which responsibilities would the nurse have?

In response to the patient's question about how to know whether drugs are safe, the nurse explains that all medications undergo rigorous scientific testing controlled by what organization?