The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.

Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.

Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.

Increases insulin production from the pancreas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.

Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.

Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Not a typical characteristic of Crohn's disease; more associated with conditions like rectal fistulas.

Choice B rationale: Crohn's disease commonly involves diarrhea rather than chronic constipation.

Choice C rationale: A common symptom of Crohn's disease due to inflammation and malabsorption in the intestines.

Choice D rationale: Crohn's disease typically presents with diarrhea but not necessarily alternating with constipation. Constipation alternating with diarrhea may also occur in irritable bowel syndrome.

A. intubation and mechanical ventilation. B. IV infusion of (Sandoglobulin). C. administration of methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol). D. insertion of a nasogastric (NG) feeding tube

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Intubation and mechanical ventilation may be needed if the respiratory muscles are affected by GBS, but this is not a routine intervention at this stage.

Choice B rationale: One of the main treatments of GBS is IV immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG), which involves infusing antibodies from donated blood plasma to block the harmful immune response that damages the nerves. Sandoglobulin is one of the brand names of IVIG used for GBS. IVIG can help shorten the duration and severity of the disease, and improve the recovery rate.

Choice C rationale: Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can reduce inflammation, but it is not recommended for GBS, as it may worsen the condition or increase the risk of infection.

Choice D rationale: NG feeding tube may be required if the patient has difficulty swallowing, but this is also not a standard intervention at this time.

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The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the record of a female client with Crohn's disease. Which stool characteristics should the nurse expect to note documented in the client's record?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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