The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?
Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.
Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.
Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.
Increases insulin production from the pancreas.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.
Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.
Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis as it can interfere with calcium absorption and decrease bone density.
Choice B rationale: Moderate alcohol consumption isn't a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.
Choice C rationale: Generally, having a larger body stature is not considered a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.
Choice D rationale: While fractures during childhood can affect bone health, they might not necessarily predict osteoporosis risk in adulthood.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale: These symptoms are more indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.
Choice B rationale: Symptoms of increased urination, thirst, and hunger are more associated with hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
Choice C rationale: These are classic signs of hypoglycemia and should be described to the client for early recognition and intervention.
Choice D rationale: These symptoms can occur in hypoglycemia but are less specific compared to sweating, cold, trembling, and tachycardia.
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