The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Increases insulin release from the pancreas, inhibits glucagon secretion, and decreases gastric emptying.

Reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity.

Slows the absorption of carbohydrate in the small intestine.

Increases insulin production from the pancreas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Metformin does not significantly affect insulin release from the pancreas or glucagon secretion but reduces glucose production by the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity in tissues.

Choice B rationale: Metformin primarily works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving the body's response to insulin, thereby lowering blood sugar levels.

Choice C rationale: Metformin does not notably slow carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine.

Choice D rationale: Metformin does not directly increase insulin production from the pancreas.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: This statement could indicate that the client is receiving too much dose of the medication, which can cause hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, which can speed up the body's metabolism and cause symptoms such as tremors, nervousness, weight loss, increased heart rate, and heat intolerance.

Choice B rationale: More frequent bowel movements could be a normal effect of the medication, as levothyroxine can improve constipation that is often associated with hypothyroidism.

Choice C rationale: The ability to enjoy cold weather might suggest improved tolerance to cold, which would align with normalized thyroid function.

Choice D rationale: This could be a sign of improved well-being and quality of life due to the medication, as levothyroxine can improve fatigue and depression that are often associated with hypothyroidism.

A. Smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day B. Drinks one alcoholic beverage per day C. Large body stature D. History of bone fracture during childhood

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis as it can interfere with calcium absorption and decrease bone density.

Choice B rationale: Moderate alcohol consumption isn't a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.

Choice C rationale: Generally, having a larger body stature is not considered a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.

Choice D rationale: While fractures during childhood can affect bone health, they might not necessarily predict osteoporosis risk in adulthood.

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The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism has been taking the thyroid hormone levothyroxine for three months. Which client statement could indicate the client is receiving too much dose of the medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 45-year-old man on the neurology floor can understand instructions but is unable to express himself through talking. Which lobe of the brain controls the expression of speech?

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