The mother of a 20yearold woman recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks the nurse what causes schizophrenia. The nurse recognizes which of the following are implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia?

Thyroxine

Erythropoietin

Glutamate

Serotonin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.

B) Incorrect. Erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.

C) Correct. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, has been implicated in the development of schizophrenia. Abnormalities in glutamate signaling have been identified in individuals with schizophrenia.

D) Incorrect. While serotonin abnormalities have been associated with mood disorders such as depression, they are not considered a primary factor in the etiology of schizophrenia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Loss of appetite can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.
B. Insomnia can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.
C. Emotional lability, or rapid and intense mood swings, is a primary manifestation of PMDD.
D. Anxiety can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.

A. "This therapy helps you learn to think more positively, and thereby reduce depressive thoughts and symptoms." B. "In this therapy, you will explore past events and analyze how these events have affected your behavior and thoughts." C. "This type of therapy focuses on how you use defense mechanisms to feel more comfortable and content." D. "The purpose of this therapy is to determine how to get psychological needs met through interpersonal relationships."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "This therapy helps you learn to think more positively, and thereby reduce depressive
thoughts and symptoms." Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) aims to identify and challenge negative thought patterns and replace them with more positive and realistic thinking, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression.

B. "In this therapy, you will explore past events and analyze how these events have affected your behavior and thoughts." This description is more characteristic of psychodynamic therapy, not cognitive behavioral therapy.

C. "This type of therapy focuses on how you use defense mechanisms to feel more comfortable and content." This description aligns more with psychodynamic therapy, not cognitive behavioral therapy.

D. "The purpose of this therapy is to determine how to get psychological needs met through
interpersonal relationships." This statement does not accurately describe cognitive behavioral
therapy, which primarily focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors.

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The mother of a 20yearold woman recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks the nurse what causes schizophrenia. The nurse recognizes which of the following are implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. What is the primary manifestation of this disorder?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is considering cognitive behavioral therapy. The client asks the nurse how this therapy would help alleviate depressive thoughts. What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

While caring for a depressed client, a nurse would evaluate the need for suicide precautions under which circumstance?

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