The mother of a 20yearold woman recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks the nurse what causes schizophrenia. The nurse recognizes which of the following are implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia?

Thyroxine

Erythropoietin

Glutamate

Serotonin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.

B) Incorrect. Erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells and is not directly implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.

C) Correct. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, has been implicated in the development of schizophrenia. Abnormalities in glutamate signaling have been identified in individuals with schizophrenia.

D) Incorrect. While serotonin abnormalities have been associated with mood disorders such as depression, they are not considered a primary factor in the etiology of schizophrenia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. While the client's sleep disturbance and lack of selfcare may contribute to
ineffective health maintenance, the more immediate concern is addressing the risk of imbalanced nutrition.

B) Incorrect. While clients in a manic state may exhibit hyperactivity and impulsivity, there is no indication in the scenario that the client poses an immediate risk for other-directed violence.

C) Correct. The client's reported lack of sleep and refusal to eat for an extended period raises concerns about nutritional deficits and dehydration. This is the most immediate and pressing issue to address.

D) Incorrect. While the client's manic state may increase the risk of impulsive behavior, there is no specific indication in the scenario that the client is at immediate risk for suicide.

A. Flat affect and hygiene needs B. Social isolation and anhedonia C. Hallucinations and delusions D. Withdrawal and avolition

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Flat affect (lack of emotional expression) and hygiene needs are negative symptoms, not positive symptoms.
B. Social isolation and anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure) are also negative symptoms, not positive symptoms.
C. Positive symptoms involve the presence of abnormal experiences or behaviors that are not present in healthy individuals. Hallucinations (perceiving things that aren't there) and delusions (strongly held false beliefs) are examples of positive symptoms.
D. Withdrawal (lack of interest or participation in social activities) and avolition (lack of motivation) are negative symptoms, not positive symptoms.

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The mother of a 20yearold woman recently diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks the nurse what causes schizophrenia. The nurse recognizes which of the following are implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse states in report that the client is experiencing positive symptoms of schizophrenia. What symptoms would the nurse receiving report expect to observe?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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