Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Blood dyscrasias

Hyperglycemia

Urinary retention

Gingival hyperplasia

Sedation

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

A. Blood dyscrasias: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin can cause blood dyscrasias, including conditions like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia.

B. Hyperglycemia: This is not typically associated with phenytoin. The primary adverse effects related to blood sugar are usually changes in glucose metabolism or hypoglycemia.

C. Urinary retention: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. It is more associated with other medications or medical conditions.

D. Gingival hyperplasia: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gum tissue.

E. Sedation: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. Phenytoin is more known for causing CNS-related side effects like nystagmus, ataxia, and dizziness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Before breakfast or lunch

Methylphenidate (Ritalin), a stimulant medication commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is usually administered before breakfast or lunch for maximum effectiveness. This schedule helps align the peak concentration of the medication with the times when increased focus and attention are often needed, such as during school hours.

B. With meals

While it can be administered with meals, the goal is often to have the medication take effect before meals to help with focus and attention during activities like school or work.

C. After dinner

Administering methylphenidate after dinner may interfere with the patient's ability to fall asleep, as the medication can cause insomnia. It is generally recommended to avoid administering it in the late afternoon or evening.

D. At bedtime

Administering methylphenidate at bedtime is not appropriate due to the potential for insomnia. The stimulant effect of the medication is not aligned with the patient's sleep-wake cycle.

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

To give the patient the prescribed dose of ziprasidone hydrochloride (Geodon), you need to calculate the number of tablets required.

One tablet contains 20 mg of the drug, so you need to divide the ordered dose by the tablet strength.

80 mg / 20 mg = 4 tablets.

Therefore, you would administer four tablets of ziprasidone hydrochloride (Geodon) to the patient.

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Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is deciding on a dosage schedule for methylphenidate (Ritalin). The nurse recognizes that which time is the most appropriate to administer this drug for maximum effectiveness?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The physician writes an order for ziprasidone hydrochloride (Geodon) 80 mg. Each tablet contains 20 mg. How many tablets would you administer?

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

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