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Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

A.

Blood dyscrasias

B.

Hyperglycemia

C.

Urinary retention

D.

Gingival hyperplasia

E.

Sedation

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

A. Blood dyscrasias: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin can cause blood dyscrasias, including conditions like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia.

B. Hyperglycemia: This is not typically associated with phenytoin. The primary adverse effects related to blood sugar are usually changes in glucose metabolism or hypoglycemia.

C. Urinary retention: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. It is more associated with other medications or medical conditions.

D. Gingival hyperplasia: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gum tissue.

E. Sedation: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. Phenytoin is more known for causing CNS-related side effects like nystagmus, ataxia, and dizziness.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["3"]

Explanation

To calculate the dosage of furosemide (Lasix), a diuretic medication, you need to divide the ordered amount by the tablet strength.

In this case, the ordered amount is 120 mg and the tablet strength is 40 mg.

Therefore, you need to divide 120 by 40, which gives you 3.

This means you would administer 3 tablets of furosemide (Lasix) to the patient.

Correct Answer is ["36"]

Explanation

To calculate the infusion time for an IV of 1,500 mL running at 25 gtt/min. if the drop factor is 15 gtt/mL, we need to use the following formula:

Infusion time (in minutes) = Volume (in mL) x Drop factor (in gtt/mL) / Flow rate (in gtt/min)

Plugging in the given values, we get:

Infusion time = 1,500 x 15 / 25

Infusion time = 900 / 25

Infusion time = 36

Therefore, the infusion time for this IV is 36 minutes.

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