A 25 year-old female patient will begin taking phenytoin for epilepsy. The patient tells the nurse she is taking oral contraceptives (OCPs). Which response will the nurse give?

"Continue taking OCPS because phenytoin is not safe during pregnancy."

"You should use a backup method of contraception along with OCPs."

"You should stop taking OCPs because of drug-drug interactions with phenytoin."

"You should take low-dose aspirin while taking these medications to reduce your risk of stroke."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Continue taking OCPS because phenytoin is not safe during pregnancy."

This statement is not accurate. While it's essential to address pregnancy risk, phenytoin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Women on phenytoin are often advised to use additional contraceptive measures.

B. "You should use a backup method of contraception along with OCPs."

This is the correct response. Phenytoin can accelerate the metabolism of oral contraceptives, potentially reducing their effectiveness. Using a backup method, such as condoms, is recommended to ensure adequate contraception.

C. "You should stop taking OCPs because of drug-drug interactions with phenytoin."

This advice is generally not recommended without consulting the healthcare provider. Abruptly stopping OCPs without an alternative form of contraception can increase the risk of unintended pregnancy.

D. "You should take low-dose aspirin while taking these medications to reduce your risk of stroke."

This statement is not relevant to the situation described. Low-dose aspirin is not typically recommended for contraception, and its use in this context does not address the potential interaction between phenytoin and oral contraceptives.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Diazepam

For the treatment of status epilepticus, the drug of choice is typically a benzodiazepine, and diazepam is commonly used. Diazepam is a fast-acting anticonvulsant that can be administered intravenously to rapidly terminate seizures during status epilepticus.

B. Midazolam

Midazolam is another benzodiazepine that can be used for the treatment of status epilepticus, particularly when intravenous access is difficult. It can be administered intramuscularly or intranasally.

C. Valproic Acid

Valproic acid is an anticonvulsant, but it is not typically the first-line choice for the acute treatment of status epilepticus. It may be considered if benzodiazepines are not effective.

D. Carbamazepine

Carbamazepine is not used for the acute treatment of status epilepticus. It is more commonly used as a maintenance therapy for epilepsy.

A. Headache, dizziness, and fatigue B. Anorexia and hair 18s C. Abdominal cramping and irritability D. Psychosis and middle ear disturbances

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Headache, dizziness, and fatigue

Ondansetron (Zofran) is commonly used to control nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. While it is generally well-tolerated, some common side effects may include headache, dizziness, and fatigue.

B. Anorexia and hair loss

Anorexia (loss of appetite) and hair loss are not commonly associated with ondansetron. These symptoms may be side effects of chemotherapy itself, but they are not typically attributed to ondansetron.

C. Abdominal cramping and irritability

Abdominal cramping and irritability are not common side effects of ondansetron. These symptoms may be related to other factors, but they are not typically associated with this antiemetic medication.

D. Psychosis and middle ear disturbances

Psychosis and middle ear disturbances are not common side effects of ondansetron. These symptoms may be associated with other medications or conditions, but they are not typically attributed to ondansetron.

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A 25 year-old female patient will begin taking phenytoin for epilepsy. The patient tells the nurse she is taking oral contraceptives (OCPs). Which response will the nurse give?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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