A patient returns to the unit after having surgery with spinal anesthesia. What does the nurse know is/are the best action(s) to take to decrease the possibility of spinal headache? Select All That Apply

Administer morphine 1-2 mg IV

Ambulate the client as soon as she gets feelings back

Increase fluid intake

Encourage the patient to stay flat in bed

Position the client in high fowlers position

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. Administer morphine 1-2 mg IV

Administering morphine is not a preventive measure for spinal headaches. It may be considered for pain relief if the patient experiences discomfort after the effects of spinal anesthesia wear off.

B. Ambulate the client as soon as she gets feelings back

Ambulating the patient too soon after spinal anesthesia is generally not recommended. Staying in bed initially helps prevent complications like spinal headaches.

C. Increase fluid intake

Adequate hydration is important after spinal anesthesia to help maintain cerebrospinal fluid volume. Increasing fluid intake can reduce the risk of developing a spinal headache.

D. Encourage the patient to stay flat in bed

Remaining in a flat or slightly elevated position helps minimize cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the puncture site, reducing the likelihood of developing a spinal headache. This position is typically recommended for a specific duration after spinal anesthesia.

E. Position the client in high Fowler's position

Placing the patient in high Fowler's position (sitting upright) may increase the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, potentially leading to a spinal headache. This position is not recommended for preventing spinal headaches after spinal anesthesia.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A. Blood dyscrasias: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin can cause blood dyscrasias, including conditions like leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia.

B. Hyperglycemia: This is not typically associated with phenytoin. The primary adverse effects related to blood sugar are usually changes in glucose metabolism or hypoglycemia.

C. Urinary retention: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. It is more associated with other medications or medical conditions.

D. Gingival hyperplasia: This is a correct choice. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gum tissue.

E. Sedation: This is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin. Phenytoin is more known for causing CNS-related side effects like nystagmus, ataxia, and dizziness.

A. Headache, dizziness, and fatigue B. Anorexia and hair 18s C. Abdominal cramping and irritability D. Psychosis and middle ear disturbances

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Headache, dizziness, and fatigue

Ondansetron (Zofran) is commonly used to control nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. While it is generally well-tolerated, some common side effects may include headache, dizziness, and fatigue.

B. Anorexia and hair loss

Anorexia (loss of appetite) and hair loss are not commonly associated with ondansetron. These symptoms may be side effects of chemotherapy itself, but they are not typically attributed to ondansetron.

C. Abdominal cramping and irritability

Abdominal cramping and irritability are not common side effects of ondansetron. These symptoms may be related to other factors, but they are not typically associated with this antiemetic medication.

D. Psychosis and middle ear disturbances

Psychosis and middle ear disturbances are not common side effects of ondansetron. These symptoms may be associated with other medications or conditions, but they are not typically attributed to ondansetron.

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A patient returns to the unit after having surgery with spinal anesthesia. What does the nurse know is/are the best action(s) to take to decrease the possibility of spinal headache? Select All That Apply

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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