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Patient Data.

Exhibits

What are the signs and symptoms of DKA? Select all that apply.

Hyperglycemia.

Ketonuria.

Metabolic acidosis.

Hypokalemia.

Dehydration.

Kussmaul respirations

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E,F

Choice A rationale:

Hyperglycemia is a key symptom of DKA. It occurs when there is an insufficient amount of insulin in the body to allow glucose to enter cells for use as energy. As a result, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, leading to the production of ketones and causing blood glucose levels to rise1. Normal blood glucose levels are between 4.0 to 6.0 mmol/L when fasting and up to 7.8 mmol/L two hours after eating2.

Choice B rationale:

Ketonuria, or the presence of ketones in the urine, is another symptom of DKA. When the body breaks down fat for energy, ketones are produced. If too many ketones build up in the blood, they can spill over into the urine1.

Choice C rationale:

Metabolic acidosis occurs in DKA due to the accumulation of ketones in the blood. Ketones are acidic, and when they build up in the blood, they cause the blood to become more acidic, leading to metabolic acidosis1.

Choice D rationale:

Hypokalemia is not a symptom of DKA. In fact, patients with DKA often have high potassium levels in their blood at presentation because acidosis causes potassium to move from inside the cells into the bloodstream1. However, during treatment for DKA, when insulin is administered and acidosis is corrected, potassium moves back into the cells and can lead to low potassium levels or hypokalemia1.

Choice E rationale:

Dehydration is a common symptom of DKA. High blood glucose levels lead to increased urination as the body tries to get rid of the excess glucose. This can result in dehydration1.

Choice F rationale:

Kussmaul respirations are a type of hyperventilation that occurs in DKA as the body tries to get rid of excess acids (ketones) through the lungs by breathing rapidly and deeply1.

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Concerns about parenting. While concerns about parenting are important to address during prenatal care, the initial visit focuses on gathering essential information and providing education related to pregnancy and childbirth. Knowledge about labor and delivery is crucial for the client to understand the process and make informed decisions.

Choice B rationale:

Cultural practices related to childbearing. Cultural practices related to childbearing are also essential topics to discuss during prenatal care, but they may not be the highest priority at the initial visit. Understanding the client's cultural background and beliefs is important, but providing information about pregnancy and childbirth should take precedence during the first prenatal visit.

Choice C rationale:

Complications associated with childbirth. Discussing complications associated with childbirth is important, but it may be overwhelming for a client during the initial prenatal visit. The primary focus should be on providing basic information and addressing immediate questions and concerns, with more in-depth discussions about complications occurring in subsequent visits.

Choice D rationale:

Knowledge about labor and delivery. This is the correct choice because the initial prenatal visit should include education about pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Providing the client with essential knowledge about what to expect during labor and delivery empowers her to make informed decisions and plan for her childbirth experience.

A. Assign the newly hired UAP to clients who require the least complex level of care. B. Ask the most experienced UAP on the team to partner with the newly hired UAP. C. Review the UAP's skills checklist and experience with the person who hired the UAP. D. Evaluate the newly hired UAP's level of competency by observing the UAP deliver care.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Assigning the newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to clients who require the least complex level of care is not the best approach to ensure adequate care for all clients. It may limit the UAP's opportunities for learning and growth and may not fully utilize their skills.

Choice B rationale:

Asking the most experienced UAP to partner with the newly hired UAP is a reasonable approach, but it may not provide a comprehensive solution. It can be beneficial for mentorship and guidance, but it may not address all the clients' needs efficiently.

Choice C rationale:

Reviewing the UAP's skills checklist and experience with the person who hired the UAP is an important step in assessing competency. However, it alone may not ensure adequate care for all clients. Competency assessment should be ongoing and include direct observation of care delivery.

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Patient Data. Exhibits What are the signs and symptoms of DKA? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A woman at 12 weeks' gestation comes to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. After completing a health history, the nurse should discuss which topic about pregnancy at this initial visit?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A newly hired unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is assigned to a home healthcare team along with two experienced UAPs. Which intervention should the home health nurse implement to ensure adequate care for all clients?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The parents of a one-year-old child with the diagnosis of hypospadias informed the practical nurse (PN) that they plan to delay corrective surgery to see if the child will outgrow the problem. Which information should the PN provide to these parents?

The nurse observes a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is excessively drooling and prepares to suction the client's oral cavity. Which action should the nurse include?

A nurse is caring for a client with a specific phobia. Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding phobias?

A client arrives at a hurricane disaster medical area seeking treatment for diarrhea. Which source of contamination should the nurse consider when interviewing the client about exposure?

Patient Data.

Exhibits

What are the signs and symptoms of DKA? Select all that apply.