Patient Data

Exhibits

Click to indicate if the listed characteristic is consistent with a fat embolism or blood clot embolism. Each column must have at least one response option selected.

Chest pain

Petechiae

Origin typically long bone fracture

Altered mental status

Dyspnea

Origin typically deep vein thrombosis

Tachycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B,B"},"F":{"answers":"B"},"G":{"answers":"A,B"}}

• Chest pain: Blood clot embolism, especially pulmonary embolism, typically causes sudden chest pain due to obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. Fat embolism rarely causes chest pain as the primary symptom, though hypoxia may lead to discomfort. Chest pain is therefore more indicative of thrombotic embolism.

• Petechiae: Petechiae on the neck, upper chest, and conjunctiva are hallmark signs of fat embolism. They result from occlusion of dermal capillaries by fat globules and platelet aggregation. Blood clot embolism does not usually cause petechiae.

• Origin typically long bone fracture: Fat emboli commonly originate from fractures of long bones such as the femur, tibia, or pelvis. Trauma forces fat from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, creating emboli. Blood clot emboli generally do not arise from bone fractures.

• Altered mental status: Fat embolism can impair cerebral oxygenation, leading to confusion, lethargy, or agitation. This neurological involvement is a distinguishing feature of fat embolism. Blood clot embolism rarely affects mental status unless there is severe hypoxia.

• Dyspnea: Dyspnea occurs in both fat and blood clot embolism due to impaired oxygen exchange in the lungs. In fat embolism, hypoxia may develop gradually, while blood clot embolism often causes sudden shortness of breath. Both conditions require prompt respiratory support.

• Origin typically deep vein thrombosis: Blood clot emboli usually originate from deep veins in the legs or pelvis and travel to the lungs. Fat emboli are not associated with venous thrombi. Identifying the source helps differentiate between the two embolism types.

• Tachycardia: Tachycardia is a compensatory response to hypoxia or stress in both fat and blood clot embolism. It helps maintain oxygen delivery to vital organs. While nonspecific, its presence supports the need for urgent intervention in either condition.

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Wake all the clients and instruct them to go to dining area for medication administration: Waking all clients at once without adequate staffing may create safety risks and chaos, especially on a mental health unit where supervision is essential.

B. Allow the clients to sleep until a third staff person can assist with unit activities: Delaying medication administration could compromise timely treatment and therapeutic outcomes, making this an unsafe approach.

C. Explain to the clients that it will be necessary to cooperate until another RN arrives: While client communication is important, it does not address the immediate need for safe medication administration and supervision.

D. Ask the PN to administer medications as clients are awakened so both nurses are available: Delegating medication administration to the PN while clients are awakened in a staggered, controlled manner ensures timely delivery of medications, maintains client safety, and allows the nurse to supervise and manage the unit effectively during a staffing shortage.

A. Prone. B. Sims. C. Supine. D. Fowlers.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prone: Prone positioning limits assessment of spinal curvature, extremity alignment, and body symmetry because the client is lying on the abdomen, which can obscure certain postural deviations.

B. Sims: Sims position is primarily used for rectal or vaginal procedures and does not provide a full view of overall body alignment, making it less ideal for assessment purposes.

C. Supine: Supine position allows the client to lie flat on the back with the body fully supported. This position provides the best view of the head, neck, spine, shoulders, hips, and extremities for a comprehensive assessment of body alignment.

D. Fowlers: Fowlers position elevates the head and torso, which may alter natural spinal alignment and obscure an accurate assessment of posture and symmetry compared with a flat, supine position.

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Patient Data Exhibits Click to indicate if the listed characteristic is consistent with a fat embolism or blood clot embolism. Each column must have at least one response option selected.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing the body alignment of an immobilized client. Which is the best client position for the nurse to obtain an accurate assessment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment with a client. Which action(s) should the nurse implement when performing passive range of motion (PROM) exercises with a client? Select all that apply.

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Patient Data

Exhibits

Click to indicate if the listed characteristic is consistent with a fat embolism or blood clot embolism. Each column must have at least one response option selected.