A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify the client is at

A. The nurse coats the indwelling urinary catheter with lubricant. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. Lubricating the catheter reduces friction and discomfort during insertion.

B. The nurse applies the sterile drape prior to inserting the urinary catheter. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. The sterile drape maintains a sterile field.

C. The nurse separates the client's labia with her dominant hand. The nurse should separate the client's labia with her non-dominant hand, which then remains in place as a "dirty" hand. The dominant hand, which remains sterile, is used to insert the catheter.

D. The nurse provides perineal care prior to inserting the urinary catheter. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. Perineal care reduces the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract.

A. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects the joints, particularly weight-bearing ones, but it does not have a direct impact on hearing. Therefore, it is not a risk factor for hearing impairment.

B. Occupation: Construction workers are often exposed to loud noise, which increases the risk of hearing impairment.

C. Furosemide: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing impairment.

D. Hyperlipidemia: Hyperlipidemia, characterized by high levels of lipids in the blood, primarily affects cardiovascular health and does not directly contribute to hearing impairment. It is not considered a risk factor for hearing loss.

E. Naproxen: Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been associated with ototoxicity and can increase the risk of hearing impairment.

G. Lovastatin: Lovastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels. While statins have side effects, they are not typically associated with ototoxicity or hearing impairment. Therefore, Lovastatin is not a risk factor for hearing loss.