A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify the client is at

A. The nurse coats the indwelling urinary catheter with lubricant. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. Lubricating the catheter reduces friction and discomfort during insertion.

B. The nurse applies the sterile drape prior to inserting the urinary catheter. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. The sterile drape maintains a sterile field.

C. The nurse separates the client's labia with her dominant hand. The nurse should separate the client's labia with her non-dominant hand, which then remains in place as a "dirty" hand. The dominant hand, which remains sterile, is used to insert the catheter.

D. The nurse provides perineal care prior to inserting the urinary catheter. This is correct procedure and requires no intervention. Perineal care reduces the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract.

A. "Increase your daily fluid intake." Increasing fluid intake can help soften the stool, making it easier to pass and reducing constipation.

B. "Try to defecate at different times of the day." Establishing a regular time each day for bowel movements can help train the bowel and prevent constipation.

C. "Consume a low-fiber diet." A low-fiber diet can worsen constipation. A high-fiber diet is recommended to add bulk to the stool and promote regular bowel movements.

D. "Reduce your daily activity." Regular physical activity helps stimulate bowel motility and can reduce the likelihood of constipation.