Medications for diarrhea that work by absorbing excess fluid in fecal matter in the colon without affecting transport processes across the membrane are known as?
Laxatives
Antimotility agents
Adsorbents
Bulk-forming agents
The Correct Answer is C
A. Laxatives are used to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements, not for treating diarrhea.
B. Antimotility agents work by slowing down the movement of the intestines, which can reduce diarrhea, but they do not specifically absorb excess fluid in the fecal matter.
C. Adsorbents, such as activated charcoal or kaolin-pectin, work by absorbing excess fluid in the fecal matter in the colon, which helps to reduce diarrhea without affecting transport processes across the intestinal membranes.
D. Bulk-forming agents, like psyllium, absorb water and increase the bulk of stool, which is used for constipation rather than diarrhea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Alkalemia refers to a condition in which the blood pH is higher than the normal range (7.35–7.45), specifically above 7.45. A pH of 7.5 indicates alkalemia, which is an increase in blood pH.
B. Alkalosis refers to a condition in which the body is in a state of alkalinity, but it is a broader term that can describe either metabolic or respiratory alkalosis. Alkalemia specifically refers to the pH measurement itself.
C. Acidosis refers to a condition in which the blood pH is lower than normal (below 7.35), indicating an excess of hydrogen ions or a deficiency of bicarbonate.
D. Acidemia refers to a condition in which the blood pH is below the normal range, indicating acidosis. A pH of 7.5 does not fall into this category.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Emphysema, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is the most common cause of a barrel chest. It occurs due to the destruction of the alveoli, leading to air trapping and overinflation of the lungs, which causes the chest to take on a rounded, barrel-like appearance.
B. Pneumonia typically causes acute symptoms like fever, cough, and difficulty breathing, but it does not cause the chronic lung changes that result in a barrel chest.
C. Tuberculosis can cause lung damage, but it does not typically result in the barrel chest shape. It is more associated with symptoms like cough, hemoptysis, and weight loss.
D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute condition involving rapid onset of severe respiratory distress, often due to trauma or infection. It does not cause the chronic structural changes seen in a barrel chest.
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