Exhibits

The nurse reviews the healthcare providers (HCP) prescription for clonazepam and gives the medication as prescribed.

Which nursing intervention(s) is/are appropriate for the client starting clonazepam? Select all that apply.

Rationale

A. A. lung biopsy involves obtaining a tissue sample from the lung for microscopic examination. It is typically performed to diagnose conditions such as lung cancer or to investigate unusual findings seen on imaging studies. However, for a client with COPD experiencing increased shortness of breath, a lung biopsy is not typically indicated as a first-line investigation. It is more invasive and usually reserved for specific diagnostic purposes other than routine evaluation of COPD symptoms.

B. Antibody testing is used to detect antibodies specific to certain infections or autoimmune conditions. It is not typically used in the routine evaluation of COPD symptoms unless there is suspicion of a specific autoimmune or infectious cause contributing to exacerbations, which is less common in COPD compared to other conditions.

C. A. sweat test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. It measures the amount of chloride in sweat, which is elevated in individuals with CF. Since COPD and CF are distinct conditions with different underlying causes and diagnostic criteria, a sweat test is not appropriate for evaluating COPD symptoms.

D. Spirometry is the most appropriate test to schedule for evaluating a client with COPD who reports increased shortness of breath with activity. Spirometry measures lung function by assessing how much and how quickly a person can move air into and out of their lungs. It provides valuable information about the severity of airflow limitation, which is characteristic of COPD.

A. Select foods that are lower in caloric density
Effective: Choosing foods that are lower in caloric density (such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins) can help the client feel fuller with fewer calories. This can support weight maintenance or even weight loss if that is the goal.

B. Increase exercise intensity
Effective: Increasing exercise intensity can help the client burn more calories, contributing to energy expenditure. This can assist in achieving energy balance, particularly if the client wants to maintain her current weight while consuming adequate calories.

C. Get up and walk at least once an hour at work
Effective: Incorporating regular physical activity throughout the day, such as walking breaks, helps increase energy expenditure. It also breaks up sedentary behavior, which is beneficial for overall health and can contribute to energy balance.

D. Add healthy foods to increase caloric intake
Ineffective: Adding healthy foods to increase caloric intake would likely lead to a positive energy balance (where intake exceeds expenditure), potentially causing weight gain. Since the goal is to maintain weight, increasing caloric intake, even with healthy foods, would not be effective.

E. Avoid food with high carbohydrate levels
Ineffective: Carbohydrates are an important source of energy. Avoiding foods with high carbohydrate levels could limit the client's energy intake, potentially leading to negative energy balance if not replaced adequately with other nutrients.