A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.).

Limit intake of canned soups.

Choose diet sodas over bottled water.

Choose bottled salad dressings.

Read labels on foods before eating.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

The correct answer is A. Limit intake of canned soups and D. Read labels on foods before eating.

Choice A rationale:

Canned soups often contain high levels of sodium, which can contribute to exceeding the recommended daily sodium intake. Limiting these can help manage sodium levels effectively.

Choice B rationale:

Choosing diet sodas over bottled water is not advisable. Diet sodas can still contain sodium and other additives that are not beneficial for a low-sodium diet. Bottled water is a better choice as it typically contains no sodium.

Choice C rationale:

Bottled salad dressings often contain high amounts of sodium. Opting for homemade or low-sodium versions is a better strategy for maintaining a low-sodium diet.

Choice D rationale:

Reading labels on foods before eating is crucial for identifying hidden sources of sodium and making informed dietary choices. This practice helps in adhering to a low-sodium diet by avoiding foods with high sodium content.

: 3

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Narcotics are not known to directly cause hypokalemia. Their main effects are related to pain relief and central nervous system depression.

Choice B rationale:

Thiazide diuretics can cause potassium loss in the urine, leading to hypokalemia. These diuretics work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, which can lead to potassium excretion as well.

Choice C rationale:

Corticosteroids can cause sodium and water retention but are not typically associated with significant potassium abnormalities.

Choice D rationale:

Muscle relaxers are not known to cause hypokalemia. They primarily act on the neuromuscular junction and do not directly impact potassium levels.

A. Effects of rapidly infused intravenous fluids. B. The body's natural compensatory mechanisms. C. Pharmacological effects of a diuretic. D. Cardiac failure.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice B rationale:

The patient's tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output are signs of the body's natural compensatory mechanisms in response to fluid volume deficit. When the body

experiences a decrease in fluid volume, it tries to compensate by increasing heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain blood flow to vital organs and constricting blood vessels to preserve fluid and maintain blood pressure. Pale, cool skin is a result of vasoconstriction, and decreased urine output is a way the body conserves water during dehydration.

Choice A rationale:

Effects of rapidly infused intravenous fluids are not the cause of the patient's current findings. In fact, the nurse's notes indicate that the IV fluid therapy (0.9% sodium chloride) was initiated at 125 mL/hr, which is a relatively standard and cautious rate. Rapidly infused fluids could potentially cause fluid overload, but that is not the situation here.

Choice C rationale:

Pharmacological effects of a diuretic are not relevant to this patient's presentation. There is no mention of diuretic use in the nurse's notes, and the symptoms presented are more consistent with fluid volume deficit and dehydration rather than diuretic use.

Choice D rationale:

Cardiac failure is not the correct answer, as there is no indication of heart failure in the patient's presentation or nurse's notes. The symptoms and findings described are more indicative of fluid volume deficit, which is not synonymous with cardiac failure.

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A nurse is teaching a client who is on a low-sodium diet. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is diagnosed with hypokalemia. After reviewing the patient's current medications, which drug should the nurse consider that might have contributed to the patient's health problem?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient experiencing multisystem fluid volume deficit has tachycardia, pale, cool skin, and decreased urine output. The nurse realizes these findings are most likely a direct result of which process?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

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