During a workshop, a pathophysiology instructor is teaching a group of students about hypothyroidism. Which statement identifies why hypothyroidism is rarely seen in the U.S. (United States)?

Genetic predisposition to the illness is rare in North American populations.

The addition of iodide to salt helps lower the incidence in the US.

There are better screening tools in the U.S. than in other countries.

There are better medications more readily available to US citizens.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased respirations and CO2 retention: A thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm) typically involves increased, not decreased, respiratory rates and CO2 retention due to increased metabolic activity.

B. Seizures and extreme tachycardia: Thyrotoxic crisis is characterized by severe symptoms including extreme tachycardia, fever, and potentially seizures due to excessive thyroid hormone levels.

C. Constipation and a swollen abdomen: Constipation and abdominal swelling are more typical of hypothyroidism rather than a thyrotoxic crisis.

D. Hypotension and bradycardia: Thyrotoxic crisis usually causes tachycardia and hypertension rather than bradycardia and hypotension.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administer some insulin: Insulin is not appropriate unless there is evidence of hyperglycemia, which is not suggested by the symptoms described.

B. Prepare the patient to receive a blood transfusion: The symptoms described are not indicative of a need for a blood transfusion but rather suggest adrenal insufficiency.

C. Administer IV glucose: Addisonian crisis can be triggered by stress and dehydration, leading to low blood sugar and symptoms such as weakness and confusion. Administering IV glucose can help manage hypoglycemia and provide immediate support.

D. Collect some urine and assess for glucosuria: The symptoms are more acute and related to adrenal insufficiency rather than glucosuria.

A. The disease is prevalent in certain geographical locations. B. There is a well-defined genetic cause. C. Inflammatory processes are responsible for the signs and symptoms. D. Ischemic lesions in the brain are responsible for the signs and symptoms.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The disease is prevalent in certain geographical locations: This statement is true but does not explain the etiology of MS. Geographic prevalence does not address the underlying cause.

B. There is a well-defined genetic cause: While genetics may play a role in MS, there is no single well-defined genetic cause for the disease.

C. Inflammatory processes are responsible for the signs and symptoms: MS is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system, leading to the signs and symptoms of the disease.

D. Ischemic lesions in the brain are responsible for the signs and symptoms: MS is primarily caused by demyelination rather than ischemic lesions.

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During a workshop, a pathophysiology instructor is teaching a group of students about hypothyroidism. Which statement identifies why hypothyroidism is rarely seen in the U.S. (United States)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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