During a CST, the nurse observes variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions.

What does this finding indicate?

Cord compression

Fetal hypoxia

Normal placental function

Adequate fetal oxygenation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This finding indicates that the umbilical cord is being compressed, which can reduce the blood flow and oxygen supply to the fetus.

Variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in the fetal heart rate (FHR) that vary in shape, duration, and degree of fall below the baseline.

They are seen as W- or U-shaped waves on the monitor.

Choice B is wrong because fetal hypoxia is not indicated by variable decelerations, but by late decelerations, which are gradual decreases in the FHR that begin after the peak of the contraction and return to baseline after the contraction ends.

Late decelerations are associated with uteroplacental insufficiency, which means that the placenta is not delivering enough oxygen to the fetus.

Choice C is wrong because normal placental function is not indicated by variable decelerations, but by reassuring FHR patterns, such as moderate variability (6 to 25 beats per minute) and accelerations (increases in the FHR above the baseline).

Normal placental function ensures adequate fetal oxygenation and well-being.

Choice D is wrong because adequate fetal oxygenation is not indicated by variable decelerations, but by reassuring FHR patterns, such as moderate variability and accelerations.

Adequate fetal oxygenation means that the fetus is not experiencing hypoxia or distress.

Normal ranges for FHR are 110 to 160 beats per minute at term and 120 to 160 beats per minute before term.

Normal ranges for uterine contractions are 2 to 5 contractions in 10 minutes, lasting less than 90 seconds each.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is because migraine headaches with aura are a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they increase the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular complications.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice B: A 32-year-old client who has endometriosis.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can actually help reduce the symptoms of endometriosis by suppressing ovulation and reducing menstrual bleeding.

Choice C: A 28-year-old client who has polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help regulate the menstrual cycle and lower the levels of androgens (male hormones) that cause acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth), and other problems in women with PCOS.

Choice D: A 22-year-old client who has irregular menstrual cycles.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help normalize the menstrual cycle and prevent unintended pregnancy.

Normal ranges for oral contraceptive doses are:

Estrogen: 10 to 35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol or estradiol valerate

Progestin: varies depending on the type and brand of oral contraceptive

A. "NST is performed after 28 weeks of gestation or earlier if there are risk factors.". B. "A nonreactive NST means that the fetal heart rate increases by at least 15 beats per minute for at least 15 seconds twice or more in a 20-minute period.". C. . "NST requires placing two belts with sensors on my abdomen: one to monitor the fetal heart rate and one to monitor the uterine contractions.". D. "A reactive NST may indicate fetal hypoxia, distress, sleep, medication effect, or neurological abnormality.".

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

"NST is performed after 28 weeks of gestation or earlier if there are risk factors."12 This statement indicates that the client understands when and why an NST is done.

Choice B is wrong because it describes a reactive NST, not a nonreactive one.

A reactive NST means that the fetal heart rate increases by at least 15 beats per minute for at least 15 seconds twice or more in a 20-minute period.2

Choice C is wrong because it confuses NST with contraction stress test (CST), which requires monitoring uterine contractions.

NST does not involve contractions.2

Choice D is wrong because it describes possible causes of a nonreactive NST, not a reactive one.

A nonreactive NST may indicate fetal hypoxia, distress, sleep, medication effect, or neurological abnormality.2

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During a CST, the nurse observes variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions. What does this finding indicate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about the Non-Stress Test (NST). Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the test?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein test at 15 weeks of gestation. The nurse provides which of the following explanations about this test to the client?

A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client. What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?

A nurse is performing an abdominal ultrasound for a client who is at 28 weeks of gestation. The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following before the procedure?

A nurse is explaining the purpose of a Doppler ultrasound blood flow analysis to a client who has intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The nurse should inform the client that this test measures which of the following?

A nurse is reviewing the results of a Contraction Stress Test (CST) with a pregnant client. What does an equivocal CST indicate?

A client's Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) result is reported as 0.8 MoM. What does this result suggest?

A nurse is interpreting the results of a biophysical profile (BPP) for a client who is at 34 weeks of gestation. The nurse should understand that each of the five variables is assigned a score of how many points?

A nurse is explaining the purpose of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) to a pregnant client. What is the test primarily used for ?

During a CST, the nurse observes variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions.

What does this finding indicate?