A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients.

The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?

A 25-year-old client who has migraine headaches with aura.

A 32-year-old client who has endometriosis.

A 28-year-old client who has polycystic ovary syndrome

A 22-year-old client who has irregular menstrual cycles.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This is because migraine headaches with aura are a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they increase the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular complications.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice B: A 32-year-old client who has endometriosis.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can actually help reduce the symptoms of endometriosis by suppressing ovulation and reducing menstrual bleeding.

Choice C: A 28-year-old client who has polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help regulate the menstrual cycle and lower the levels of androgens (male hormones) that cause acne, hirsutism (excess hair growth), and other problems in women with PCOS.

Choice D: A 22-year-old client who has irregular menstrual cycles.

This is not a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives, as they can help normalize the menstrual cycle and prevent unintended pregnancy.

Normal ranges for oral contraceptive doses are:

Estrogen: 10 to 35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol or estradiol valerate

Progestin: varies depending on the type and brand of oral contraceptive

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is because a nuchal translucency ultrasound measures the amount of fluid behind the baby’s neck in the first trimester of pregnancy, which can indicate the risk of having a chromosomal condition like Down syndrome.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

Choice A is wrong because fetal growth and development are not directly related to the nuchal translucency measurement.

Fetal growth and development are assessed by other parameters such as crown-rump length, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, etc.

Choice B is wrong because blood flow in the umbilical cord is not measured by the nuchal translucency ultrasound.

Blood flow in the umbilical cord is assessed by Doppler ultrasound, which evaluates the resistance and velocity of blood flow in the umbilical artery and vein.

Choice D is wrong because structural abnormalities in the baby’s organs are not detected by the nuchal translucency ultrasound.

Structural abnormalities in the baby’s organs are diagnosed by a detailed anatomy scan, which is usually performed in the second trimester of pregnancy.

The normal range for nuchal translucency is between 1 mm and 3 mm.

A measurement above 3 mm is considered increased and may indicate a higher risk of chromosomal or genetic conditions.

However, a nuchal translucency ultrasound is a screening test and not a diagnostic test, so it does not confirm or rule out any condition.

It only provides a probability based on statistical calculations.

Therefore, further testing may be recommended if the nuchal translucency measurement is increased or if other risk factors are present.

A. Late decelerations of the FHR with less than 50% of contractions. B. Late decelerations of the FHR with at least 50% of contractions. C. No late decelerations of the FHR during contractions. D. Variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An equivocal CST indicates late decelerations of the FHR with less than 50% of contractions.

This means that the fetus may have some degree of hypoxia or distress, but not enough to warrant immediate delivery.

An equivocal CST may also result from hyperstimulation of the uterus, which can cause excessive contractions and reduce blood flow to the placenta.

Choice B is wrong because late decelerations of the FHR with at least 50% of contractions is a positive CST, which indicates a high risk of fetal death due to hypoxia and is a contraindication to labor.

Choice C is wrong because no late decelerations of the FHR during contractions is a negative CST, which indicates a good fetal wellbeing and tolerance of labor.

Choice D is wrong because variable decelerations of the FHR with or without contractions are not related to uterine activity and may indicate cord compression or other fetal problems.

Variable decelerations are not used to interpret CST results.

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A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is explaining the purpose of a nuchal translucency (NT) ultrasound to a pregnant client. What does this ultrasound measure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the results of a Contraction Stress Test (CST) with a pregnant client. What does an equivocal CST indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching about fetal development to a group of clients in the antenatal clinic. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is preparing a client for a Contraction Stress Test (CST). Which method can be used to induce uterine contractions during the test?

A nurse is preparing a client for a biophysical profile (BPP). The nurse should instruct the client that the test involves which of the following procedures?

A nurse is reviewing the results of an Alpha-fetoprotein Test (AFP) with a pregnant client. What does a low level of AFP (<0.5 MoM) potentially indicate?

A nurse is caring for a patient who had an amniocentesis performed at 16 weeks gestation and reports cramping and vaginal bleeding 24 hours later. Which action should be taken first?

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein test at 15 weeks of gestation. The nurse provides which of the following explanations about this test to the client?

A client asks the nurse about the risks and complications associated with prenatal ultrasound. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?

A nurse is educating a pregnant client about the Contraction Stress Test (CST). Which statement accurately describes a negative CST?

A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients.

The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?