client tells a nurse that she tested positive for a mutant BRCA-1 gene. The nurse should recognize that this finding increases the client's risk for which of the following conditions?

a. Rest in a supine position: Resting in a supine position may compromise lung expansion, and an upright position is often recommended for clients with emphysema to improve ventilation.

b. Breathe in through her nose and out through pursed lips: This technique helps maintain

positive airway pressure, preventing premature airway collapse, and can improve gas exchange in clients with emphysema.

c. Limit fluid intake throughout the day: Adequate hydration is important for maintaining

respiratory secretions in a liquefied state and is generally encouraged for clients with respiratory conditions.

d. Consume a low-protein diet: A low-protein diet is not specifically indicated for improving gas exchange in clients with emphysema. Nutrition recommendations may focus on a well-balanced diet to support overall health.

a. "Both illnesses begin in the rectum." This statement is not accurate. Ulcerative colitis typically begins in the rectum and progresses proximally, while Crohn's disease can involve any part of the digestive tract.

b. "Both illnesses are inflammatory in nature." This is the correct statement. Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are inflammatory bowel diseases characterized by chronic

inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

c. "Both illnesses manifest fistula formation." Fistula formation is more commonly associated with Crohn's disease, not ulcerative colitis.

d. "Both illnesses result in malabsorption of nutrients." While malabsorption can occur in both conditions, it is generally more associated with Crohn's disease than ulcerative colitis.