An 8-year-old boy and his father visit the pediatrician's office with reports of a sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine. A urinalysis shows 4+ protein. On taking the boy's health history, the nurse learns that he had strep throat a little over a week ago. Assessment findings: Temp 100.6F, RR-22. HR-105, BP= 130/89 Which condition should the nurse suspect?
Acute glomerulonephritis
Renal agenesis
Nephrotic syndrome
Polycystic kidney disease
The Correct Answer is A
A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.
B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.
C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.
D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Passing flatus every 30 minutes indicates bowel activity and suggests that the child may be able to resume oral intake.
B. Absent bowel sounds indicate a lack of gastrointestinal function, which supports the continuation of NPO status until bowel function returns.
C. An increase in abdominal girth, even by 1 cm, can be concerning postoperatively and may indicate fluid retention or other issues, warranting further assessment.
D. Pain at the operative site is expected post-surgery, but it does not directly relate to the child’s ability to resume oral intake.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. An oral rehydration solution is specifically designed to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, making it the best choice for children recovering from gastroenteritis.
B. Water alone does not provide the necessary electrolytes and may not effectively rehydrate the child.
C. Broth can provide some hydration but lacks the specific electrolyte balance found in oral rehydration solutions.
D. Diluted apple juice is not as effective for rehydration as a balanced oral rehydration solution, which is specifically formulated for this purpose.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.