A young adult patient has come into a dermatology clinic and reports having had a single 1-in lesion that was scaly with a raised border and a pink center on the chest. Now, a little more than a week later, there are smaller matching spots of the rash on both sides of the chest. The nurse observes pink, oval-shaped spots that are 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 in across. What condition does the nurse suspect the health care provider will diagnose?
Pityriasis rosea
Herpes zoster virus
Herpes simplex type 1
Impetigo contagiosa
The Correct Answer is A
A. Pityriasis rosea typically starts with a single, larger "herald patch" followed by a rash with smaller, oval spots. The described pattern is characteristic of this condition.
B. Herpes zoster virus or shingles, usually presents with vesicular lesions in a dermatomal distribution, rather than scattered oval spots.
C. Herpes simplex type 1 generally causes oral lesions or cold sores, not the body rash described.
D. Impetigo contagiosa is a bacterial infection that typically causes honey-colored crusted sores and is not described as having a herald patch or oval spots.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Lips and mucous membranes. Cyanosis is best assessed in areas where the skin is thin, and the underlying blood vessels are more visible.
B. Sclera. Sclera is usually white, and cyanosis is not well-assessed here.
C. Abdomen: The abdomen is not an ideal site for assessing cyanosis due to thicker skin and less visible blood vessels.
D. Soles of the feet. The soles of the feet are not reliable for assessing cyanosis due to skin thickness and pigmentation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Heart attacks due to increased effort to ambulate: While heart attacks are a concern, they are not directly related to musculoskeletal changes and posture.
B. Falls related to posture changes: Age-related changes such as decreased muscle mass and changes in posture increase the risk of falls.
C. Fractures due to poor uptake of calcium: While decreased calcium absorption can lead to fractures, age-related musculoskeletal changes like posture and muscle weakness are more directly linked to fall risk.
D. Respiratory failure due to kyphosis: Kyphosis can impact respiratory function, but the most direct risk from musculoskeletal changes in older adults is falls.
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