A woman presents to a clinic with JVD (jugular venous distension), liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema. Upon auscultation of her heart, the RN notes a murmur. The etiologies that would best account for all aspects of this patient picture are

aortic atherosclerosis & mitral insufficiency.

aortic valve stenosis & left heart failure.

bronchogenic cancer & diaphoresis.

pulmonic valve stenosis & right heart failure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Aortic atherosclerosis and mitral insufficiency could lead to some symptoms of congestion but would not fully explain jugular venous distension and liver congestion.

B. Aortic valve stenosis and left heart failure primarily affect left-sided heart function, which typically does not present with jugular venous distension or peripheral edema.

C. Bronchogenic cancer and diaphoresis do not explain the cardiovascular symptoms present in this case.

D. Pulmonic valve stenosis can lead to right heart failure, causing systemic venous congestion, which results in JVD, liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema, thus accounting for all aspects of the patient's presentation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Prostate cancer is unlikely to cause burning on urination or costovertebral tenderness; it usually presents with urinary obstruction symptoms or systemic effects.

B. Ureteral lithiasis may cause burning on urination but is more typically associated with flank pain rather than constant costovertebral tenderness.

C. Primary syphilis does not typically present with urinary symptoms or costovertebral tenderness.

D. Pyelonephritis, an infection of the kidney, commonly presents with burning on urination, fever, and costovertebral angle tenderness, indicating inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis and kidneys.

A. benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). B. ovarian cancer. C. a kidney stone. D. a chlamydia infection.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a condition affecting the prostate in men, so it is not applicable in this case.

B. Ovarian cancer may cause pelvic pain, but the specific symptoms of abnormal discharge and acute pain suggest a more immediate infection rather than cancer.

C. A kidney stone typically presents with flank pain and may cause urinary symptoms, but it would not typically cause vaginal discharge.

D. A chlamydia infection can cause abnormal vaginal discharge and pelvic pain, and it is a common sexually transmitted infection presenting with these symptoms, consistent with the patient's history.

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A woman presents to a clinic with JVD (jugular venous distension), liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema. Upon auscultation of her heart, the RN notes a murmur. The etiologies that would best account for all aspects of this patient picture are

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is examining a patient who reports burning on urination and a low-grade fever. On physical examination, the nurse notes constant right-sided costovertebral tenderness. Based on this presentation, what is most likely the cause of these signs and symptoms (S&S)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A woman is evaluated by a nurse practitioner. She describes a two-day history of an abnormal vaginal discharge and constant pelvic-area pain. She also states "It hurts to move at all." The pain pattern and other S&S are consistent with

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient has been diagnosed with a thrombus in the popliteal vein. When asked what causes deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the nurse would include which factors in a response?

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Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to the possibility of decreased cardiac output in the patient who suddenly develops atrial fibrillation?

A patient arrives at the clinic for his yearly physical. His vital signs include a blood pressure of 170/110. The patient is prescribed an ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. This medication decreases blood pressure by inhibiting the

A patient with a blood pressure of 170/110 is prescribed an ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. The nurse stresses the need to take his ACE inhibitor as prescribed to prevent which complication associated with the long-term effects of hypertension?

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