A patient is newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse suggests a dietary sodium reduction to help lower blood pressure. What rationale should the nurse share for reducing sodium intake?
"Reduced salt makes food taste less appealing, so you will lose weight, reducing your blood pressure."
"A low-sodium diet has been shown to reduce blood pressure."
"The blood volume will be decreased after a high intake of sodium."
"Salt intake and smoking go together; reducing one helps with the other."
The Correct Answer is B
A. While sodium reduction might indirectly impact weight in some cases, its primary role in blood pressure control is related to its effect on blood volume and vascular resistance.
B. Sodium reduction is proven to help reduce blood pressure by lowering blood volume and decreasing vascular resistance.
C. Sodium actually leads to fluid retention, which can increase blood volume and raise blood pressure, not decrease it.
D. There is no direct link between sodium intake and smoking habits; reducing sodium primarily affects blood pressure management independently of smoking.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypertension may contribute to cardiovascular issues, but it does not typically cause cyanosis or clubbing.
B. Left heart failure often leads to symptoms like dyspnea and fluid retention but does not commonly cause clubbing of the fingers.
C. Aspiration pneumonia may cause respiratory symptoms, but clubbing is more associated with chronic hypoxia, seen in conditions like chronic bronchitis.
D. Chronic bronchitis, often seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), can cause long-term hypoxia, leading to cyanosis and clubbing of the fingers. A peak flow test can assess respiratory function and airflow limitations associated with chronic bronchitis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nosocomial (hospital-acquired) pneumonia is common in post-surgical patients, particularly those with atelectasis, as diminished ventilation can lead to infection. The green sputum and fever are signs of infection.
B. Lung tissue atelectasis may predispose a patient to pneumonia, but community-acquired pneumonia is less likely in a hospitalized patient, and the green sputum is more indicative of nosocomial infection.
C. Pulmonary edema is associated with fluid in the lungs but does not typically cause green sputum or elevated temperature, which suggest infection.
D. Left heart failure may lead to pulmonary edema but is not associated with green sputum or fever.
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