A young girl with a history of asthma is brought to her family nurse practitioner (FNP). The child is wheezing and has prolonged expirations. The basic etiology of her signs and symptoms (S&S) includes:
use of accessory muscles for breathing.
bronchial-lining swelling that prevents ease of exhalation.
destruction of elastic recoil properties of the lungs.
difficulty with inhalation due to stiff alveoli that have filled with fluid.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Accessory muscle use is a response to respiratory distress, not the underlying cause of asthma symptoms.
B. Asthma causes inflammation and swelling of the bronchial lining, which narrows the airways and makes it difficult to exhale air from the lungs, leading to prolonged expiration and wheezing.
C. Destruction of elastic recoil is associated with chronic lung conditions like emphysema, not asthma.
D. Stiff alveoli and fluid-filled lungs are more characteristic of restrictive lung diseases or pulmonary edema, not asthma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While sodium reduction might indirectly impact weight in some cases, its primary role in blood pressure control is related to its effect on blood volume and vascular resistance.
B. Sodium reduction is proven to help reduce blood pressure by lowering blood volume and decreasing vascular resistance.
C. Sodium actually leads to fluid retention, which can increase blood volume and raise blood pressure, not decrease it.
D. There is no direct link between sodium intake and smoking habits; reducing sodium primarily affects blood pressure management independently of smoking.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor in the RAAS, which leads to decreased blood pressure by promoting vasodilation.
B. The RAAS is primarily a vasoconstrictive system, and ACE inhibitors reduce this vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
C. ACE inhibitors do not directly affect the inotropic (force of contraction) effects of the SNS; they work on the RAAS.
D. While natriuretic peptides help regulate fluid balance, ACE inhibitors do not directly impact this system.
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