A week after recovering from strep throat, a child is diagnosed with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Expected signs and symptoms (S&S) of a patient diagnosed with glomerulonephritis include which is caused by

chancres inflaming the glomeruli: syphilis.

increased urine output: an increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

poor skin turgor: fluid shifting from tissue to blood secondary to hyperproteinemia.

edema: fluid shifting from blood to tissue secondary to hypoproteinemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Chancres are not associated with glomerulonephritis; this option is incorrect as it refers to syphilis, which does not cause this condition.

B. Glomerulonephritis typically leads to decreased urine output due to reduced GFR, not increased urine output.

C. Poor skin turgor is usually indicative of dehydration rather than hyperproteinemia; in glomerulonephritis, the issue is typically a loss of proteins in the urine, leading to edema.

D. In post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, hypoproteinemia (loss of protein due to kidney damage) causes fluid to shift from the vascular space to tissues, resulting in edema.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Prostate cancer is unlikely to cause burning on urination or costovertebral tenderness; it usually presents with urinary obstruction symptoms or systemic effects.

B. Ureteral lithiasis may cause burning on urination but is more typically associated with flank pain rather than constant costovertebral tenderness.

C. Primary syphilis does not typically present with urinary symptoms or costovertebral tenderness.

D. Pyelonephritis, an infection of the kidney, commonly presents with burning on urination, fever, and costovertebral angle tenderness, indicating inflammation and infection of the renal pelvis and kidneys.

A. hypertension; vision test B. left heart failure; b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) C. aspiration pneumonia; arterial blood gas (ABG) D. chronic bronchitis; peak flow

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hypertension may contribute to cardiovascular issues, but it does not typically cause cyanosis or clubbing.

B. Left heart failure often leads to symptoms like dyspnea and fluid retention but does not commonly cause clubbing of the fingers.

C. Aspiration pneumonia may cause respiratory symptoms, but clubbing is more associated with chronic hypoxia, seen in conditions like chronic bronchitis.

D. Chronic bronchitis, often seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), can cause long-term hypoxia, leading to cyanosis and clubbing of the fingers. A peak flow test can assess respiratory function and airflow limitations associated with chronic bronchitis.

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A week after recovering from strep throat, a child is diagnosed with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Expected signs and symptoms (S&S) of a patient diagnosed with glomerulonephritis include which is caused by

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is examining a patient who reports burning on urination and a low-grade fever. On physical examination, the nurse notes constant right-sided costovertebral tenderness. Based on this presentation, what is most likely the cause of these signs and symptoms (S&S)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is examining an overweight elderly man and notices cyanosis and clubbing of the fingers. The nurse suspects _____ and requests a _____.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Following a myocardial infarction (MI) of the left ventricle, a patient develops left heart failure (LHF). Findings commonly associated with LHF include

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