A week after recovering from strep throat, a child is diagnosed with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Expected signs and symptoms (S&S) of a patient diagnosed with glomerulonephritis include which is caused by
chancres inflaming the glomeruli: syphilis.
increased urine output: an increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
poor skin turgor: fluid shifting from tissue to blood secondary to hyperproteinemia.
edema: fluid shifting from blood to tissue secondary to hypoproteinemia.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Chancres are not associated with glomerulonephritis; this option is incorrect as it refers to syphilis, which does not cause this condition.
B. Glomerulonephritis typically leads to decreased urine output due to reduced GFR, not increased urine output.
C. Poor skin turgor is usually indicative of dehydration rather than hyperproteinemia; in glomerulonephritis, the issue is typically a loss of proteins in the urine, leading to edema.
D. In post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, hypoproteinemia (loss of protein due to kidney damage) causes fluid to shift from the vascular space to tissues, resulting in edema.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chancres are not associated with glomerulonephritis; this option is incorrect as it refers to syphilis, which does not cause this condition.
B. Glomerulonephritis typically leads to decreased urine output due to reduced GFR, not increased urine output.
C. Poor skin turgor is usually indicative of dehydration rather than hyperproteinemia; in glomerulonephritis, the issue is typically a loss of proteins in the urine, leading to edema.
D. In post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, hypoproteinemia (loss of protein due to kidney damage) causes fluid to shift from the vascular space to tissues, resulting in edema.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Troponin is a biomarker used to diagnose myocardial infarction (heart attack), not heart failure.
B. Calcium levels are important for overall metabolic function but are not specific for heart failure.
C. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated in heart failure, specifically in left heart failure, and helps confirm the diagnosis. BNP is a hormone released by the ventricles in response to increased pressure and volume.
D. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation but does not specifically confirm a heart failure diagnosis.
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