A school-age child with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?
Administer an antiemetic before chemotherapy begins
Encourage drinking large amounts of favorite fluids
Offer frequent small meals before and after chemotherapy
Provide the child's favorite music as a distraction
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administer an antiemetic before chemotherapy begins is the most appropriate action. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be anticipated, so administering an antiemetic before treatment helps to prevent these symptoms from occurring. This proactive approach is standard practice to manage chemotherapy side effects.
B. Encourage drinking large amounts of favorite fluids may help with hydration, but it doesn't specifically target nausea or vomiting. It’s better to focus on a strategy to directly prevent these symptoms, such as using antiemetics.
C. Offer frequent small meals before and after chemotherapy may help with general appetite and nutrition, but it doesn't directly address nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy.
D. Provide the child's favorite music as a distraction can be helpful for comfort but does not address the underlying issue of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Laxatives are not typically used for sickle cell crisis unless the client is experiencing constipation, which is unrelated to the crisis itself.
B. Thyroid replacement medications are used for hypothyroidism and would not be a first-line treatment for sickle cell crisis.
C. Diuretics may be used in conditions like heart failure or kidney disease, but they are not indicated for sickle cell crisis and may worsen dehydration.
D. Pain medications are the correct intervention during a sickle cell crisis. The crisis involves severe pain due to the sickling of red blood cells blocking blood flow to tissues. Opioids like morphine and hydromorphone are commonly administered to manage the severe pain.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chest X-ray is not a definitive diagnostic test for leukemia. It is more commonly used to evaluate for signs of infection, lung abnormalities, or metastasis in cancer patients, but it does not confirm leukemia.
B. Urinalysis is not the definitive test for leukemia. While it may help assess kidney function or rule out other conditions, it is not used to diagnose leukemia.
C. Complete blood count (CBC) is useful for detecting abnormalities that may suggest leukemia, such as abnormal white blood cell counts, but it alone cannot definitively diagnose leukemia. It is typically part of the initial evaluation.
D. Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration is the definitive diagnostic test for leukemia. This test allows for direct examination of the bone marrow to confirm the presence of leukemia cells, making it the gold standard for diagnosis.
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