The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-aged child newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease about dietary measures to implement during an exacerbation. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further instruction?

"We will avoid giving our child any dairy products during an exacerbation."

"We will make sure our child eats plenty of fruits and vegetables during an exacerbation."

"We will increase our child's intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole grains and legumes."

"We will encourage our child to drink plenty of fluids, especially water."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "We will avoid giving our child any dairy products during an exacerbation." Avoiding dairy products during a Crohn's disease exacerbation is often recommended because many individuals with Crohn's disease are lactose intolerant, and dairy can exacerbate symptoms such as diarrhea.

B. "We will make sure our child eats plenty of fruits and vegetables during an exacerbation." During an exacerbation of Crohn's disease, a high-fiber diet (including many fruits and vegetables) can be problematic, as it may irritate the intestines and worsen symptoms. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.

C. "We will increase our child's intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole grains and legumes." High-fiber foods should generally be avoided during a Crohn's disease flare-up because they can be difficult to digest and may worsen symptoms. However, this advice might be appropriate during periods of remission.

D. "We will encourage our child to drink plenty of fluids, especially water." Hydration is important, particularly during exacerbations, when the risk of dehydration increases due to diarrhea. This is a correct statement.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment is used to assess the level of consciousness in patients with head trauma or neurological conditions, but it is not the diagnostic test for suspected meningitis.

B. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the definitive test for diagnosing meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to obtain a sample of CSF, which is then analyzed for signs of infection, such as increased white blood cells, proteins, and low glucose levels.

C. RBC count is useful for assessing anemia and other hematological conditions, but it is not specific to diagnosing meningitis.

D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to assess brain structure, but CSF analysis remains the primary diagnostic tool for confirming meningitis based on the clinical signs of fever, headache, stiff neck, and rash.

A. Urine specific gravity 1.015 B. Respiratory rate 24/min C. Heart rate 130/min D. Capillary refill greater than 3 seconds

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Urine specific gravity 1.015 is correct. A specific gravity of 1.015 indicates good hydration status and that the child is effectively retaining fluids after oral rehydration therapy. Normal urine specific gravity ranges from 1.010 to 1.020.

B. Respiratory rate 24/min is not directly related to hydration status and does not necessarily indicate that rehydration therapy has been effective. It is a normal rate for a 3-year-old child, but respiratory rate alone isn't an indicator of fluid balance.

C. Heart rate 130/min is elevated for a 3-year-old child and may indicate dehydration or other stressors, suggesting that oral rehydration therapy has not been completely effective. A normal heart rate for this age is typically 80-120 beats per minute.

D. Capillary refill greater than 3 seconds is a sign of dehydration and poor perfusion, indicating that the oral rehydration therapy has not been effective in restoring hydration. Normal capillary refill time is less than 2 seconds.

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The nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-aged child newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease about dietary measures to implement during an exacerbation. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further instruction?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is caring for a child who has increasing manifestations of fever, headache, stiff neck, and rash. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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