A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

"Sickled red blood cells are flexible, making it easier for these cells to travel through small vessels."

"Sickled red blood cells are c-shaped and tend to stick together more easily."

"Sickled red blood cells have a long-life span. Therefore, they circulate in the blood longer than healthy cells."

"Sickled red blood cells are rigid, making it difficult for the cells to travel through smaller vessels."

"Sickled red blood cells have a short life span which decreases the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. Sickled red blood cells are flexible, making it easier for these cells to travel through small vessels is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells are rigid and inflexible, which makes it difficult for them to pass through small blood vessels, contributing to blockages and reduced oxygen delivery.

B. Sickled red blood cells are c-shaped and tend to stick together more easily is correct. Sickled red blood cells have an abnormal, crescent or "C" shape, and they stick together, which can cause clumping and block blood flow in small vessels, leading to pain and organ damage.

C. Sickled red blood cells have a long-life span. Therefore, they circulate in the blood longer than healthy cells is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells have a shortened life span (about 10-20 days) compared to normal red blood cells, which typically last 120 days, leading to a higher rate of cell destruction and anemia.

D. Sickled red blood cells are rigid, making it difficult for the cells to travel through smaller vessels is correct. The rigidity of sickled cells prevents them from easily moving through small blood vessels, causing occlusions, pain, and organ damage.

E. Sickled red blood cells have a short life span which decreases the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood is correct. Due to their short life span, sickled cells are destroyed more quickly, leading to anemia and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assessment is used to assess the level of consciousness in patients with head trauma or neurological conditions, but it is not the diagnostic test for suspected meningitis.

B. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is the definitive test for diagnosing meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to obtain a sample of CSF, which is then analyzed for signs of infection, such as increased white blood cells, proteins, and low glucose levels.

C. RBC count is useful for assessing anemia and other hematological conditions, but it is not specific to diagnosing meningitis.

D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to assess brain structure, but CSF analysis remains the primary diagnostic tool for confirming meningitis based on the clinical signs of fever, headache, stiff neck, and rash.

A. An inguinal hernia occurs when digestive fluids leak from the bowel, causing swelling that results in a bulge in the groin. B. An inguinal hernia occurs when a viral infection weakens the intestine, allowing the bowel to herniate into the groin. C. An inguinal hernia occurs when a part of the bowel or fatty tissue slips through a weak spot in the abdominal cavity near the groin. D. An inguinal hernia occurs when an accumulation of excess gas in the abdominal cavity results in a bulge in the groin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. An inguinal hernia occurs when digestive fluids leak from the bowel, causing swelling that results in a bulge in the groin is incorrect. An inguinal hernia involves a protrusion of bowel or fatty tissue through a weakness in the abdominal wall, not digestive fluids leaking from the bowel.

B. An inguinal hernia occurs when a viral infection weakens the intestine, allowing the bowel to herniate into the groin is incorrect. Inguinal hernias are congenital or result from increased intra-abdominal pressure, not caused by viral infections.

C. An inguinal hernia occurs when a part of the bowel or fatty tissue slips through a weak spot in the abdominal cavity near the groin is correct. Inguinal hernias occur when tissue, usually part of the intestine or fatty tissue, pushes through a weak area in the abdominal wall near the groin. This condition is common in infants and children.

D. An inguinal hernia occurs when an accumulation of excess gas in the abdominal cavity results in a bulge in the groin is incorrect. While excess gas can cause bloating or discomfort, it is not responsible for the development of an inguinal hernia. The bulge is caused by the protrusion of tissue through a weakness in the abdominal wall.

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A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old pediatric client who has an inguinal hernia. Which of the following statements should the nurse make when the parents ask for clarification about the inguinal hernia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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