The nurse is monitoring a 7-year-old child post-surgical resection of a supratentorial (cerebral) brain tumor. Which vital sign finding indicates Cushing's triad?
Increased temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea
Decreased temperature, bradycardia, bradypnea
Bradycardia, high blood pressure, irregular respirations
Bradycardia, hypotension, tachypnea
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea is not consistent with Cushing's triad. These signs generally reflect an infection, fever, or a stress response, and are not indicative of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) or brain herniation.
B. Decreased temperature, bradycardia, bradypnea is incorrect. While bradycardia is a component of Cushing's triad, decreased temperature and bradypnea are not part of this syndrome. The signs of Cushing's triad typically include increased blood pressure, not decreased temperature.
C. Bradycardia, high blood pressure, irregular respirations is correct. These are the hallmark signs of Cushing's triad, which indicate a significant increase in intracranial pressure. Bradycardia occurs as a result of elevated pressure on the brainstem, high blood pressure develops as a compensatory mechanism to maintain perfusion, and irregular respirations reflect brainstem dysfunction.
D. Bradycardia, hypotension, tachypnea is incorrect. Hypotension is not part of Cushing's triad. Instead, high blood pressure is typically present in this condition due to the body's compensatory response to increased ICP.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Placing the client on their side is the correct action to prevent aspiration and help keep the airway open during a seizure. It also helps drain secretions and can reduce the risk of choking.
B. Holding the client's arms and legs is not recommended during a seizure because this can lead to injury to the client and the nurse. Seizure activity should be allowed to run its course in a safe environment.
C. Placing the client back in bed during a seizure could be dangerous, as it is better to keep the client safe on the floor to prevent falling or injury. The priority is ensuring the client’s safety during the seizure rather than moving them back into bed.
D. Inserting a tongue blade in the client's mouth is an outdated practice and can lead to injury or even cause the client to bite down on the tongue blade. There is no need to insert anything into the mouth during a seizure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While alterations in pupil size and reactivity are signs of increased ICP, increased motor response is not a late sign and typically reflects an early sign of brain dysfunction.
B. Extension or flexion posturing may occur with increased ICP, but weight gain is not a sign of ICP.
C. Tachycardia can occur early in ICP, but it does not typically present as a late sign. Altered pupil size and reactivity may occur, but these are not exclusive to late ICP signs.
D. This is the correct answer. Cheyne-Stokes respirations, which are characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep breathing, are a late sign of increased ICP in infants. Additionally, changes in pupil size (such as dilated or non-reactive pupils) are a late indicator of increasing intracranial pressure.
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