. A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Which of the following should the nurse monitor in the child? (Select All that Apply.)

Manifestations that could indicate a sepsis infection

Long-term effects that result from a prolonged recovery

Blood pressure that could indicate hypertension

Heart problems that result from cardiac dysfunction

A decrease in body temperature as a sign of bacterial meningitis progression

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A. Manifestations that could indicate a sepsis infection should be monitored closely as bacterial meningitis can lead to septicemia. Signs such as low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and poor perfusion need immediate attention.

B. Long-term effects that result from a prolonged recovery should be considered. Children recovering from bacterial meningitis may develop complications such as hearing loss, cognitive delays, or motor impairments, requiring long-term follow-up.

C. Blood pressure that could indicate hypertension should be monitored, as increased intracranial pressure (ICP) from meningitis may lead to systemic hypertension, an important parameter to manage during acute illness.

D. Heart problems that result from cardiac dysfunction are not commonly associated with bacterial meningitis itself. However, indirect complications such as septic shock could affect cardiac function, although this is less direct.

E. A decrease in body temperature as a sign of bacterial meningitis progression is incorrect. Hypothermia is not typically a sign of meningitis progression. Fever is a more common manifestation of bacterial meningitis and should be monitored instead.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "My baby's formula can be thickened with oatmeal." While some infants with reflux may benefit from thickening their formula, oatmeal is not typically recommended as a thickening agent. Parents should follow specific medical guidance on safe thickening agents for formula.

B. "I will keep my baby in an upright position after feedings." This statement demonstrates an understanding of appropriate management of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Keeping the baby upright after feeding helps prevent the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus, reducing reflux symptoms.

C. "I will have to feed my baby formula rather than breast milk." This statement is incorrect. Breast milk is not contraindicated for infants with GER, and in fact, breast milk may be easier to digest and may help reduce reflux symptoms compared to formula.

D. "I should position my baby side-lying during sleep." This statement is not recommended. Babies should be placed on their back for sleep, as side-lying positions can increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The back sleep position is safest for all infants, including those with reflux.

A. Administer antipyretic therapy B. Place the child in a lateral Sims position C. Place the child on droplet precautions D. Reduce all environmental stimuli

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administer antipyretic therapy is appropriate to help reduce fever, but it is not the first priority. The child’s vital signs indicate a high fever and signs of possible meningitis, and intervention to prevent further complications or the spread of infection should take precedence.

B. Place the child in a lateral Sims position is unnecessary in this case. A lateral Sims position is typically used to prevent aspiration during vomiting, but it is not the priority for this child. The focus should be on infection control and stabilizing the child’s condition.

C. Place the child on droplet precautions is the correct priority. The child is showing signs of possible bacterial meningitis, which is a highly contagious infection. Droplet precautions are necessary to prevent transmission of the infection to other individuals.

D. Reduce all environmental stimuli may be helpful for a child with a neurological condition, but it is not the first priority in this case. The priority is preventing the spread of infection while further stabilizing the child’s condition.

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. A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Which of the following should the nurse monitor in the child? (Select All that Apply.)

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