The nurse is monitoring an infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which are late signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in an infant?

Alteration in pupil size and reactivity and increased motor response

Extension or flexion posturing and weight gain

Tachycardia and alteration in pupil size and reactivity

Cheyne-Stokes respirations and alteration in pupil size

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While alterations in pupil size and reactivity are signs of increased ICP, increased motor response is not a late sign and typically reflects an early sign of brain dysfunction.

B. Extension or flexion posturing may occur with increased ICP, but weight gain is not a sign of ICP.

C. Tachycardia can occur early in ICP, but it does not typically present as a late sign. Altered pupil size and reactivity may occur, but these are not exclusive to late ICP signs.

D. This is the correct answer. Cheyne-Stokes respirations, which are characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep breathing, are a late sign of increased ICP in infants. Additionally, changes in pupil size (such as dilated or non-reactive pupils) are a late indicator of increasing intracranial pressure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. White rice is typically recommended during diarrhea as it is easy to digest and helps bind stools. It is part of the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast), which is often advised during gastrointestinal upset.

B. Applesauce is also commonly recommended as part of the BRAT diet during diarrhea. It is gentle on the stomach and can help firm up stools.

C. Fruit juice should be avoided during diarrhea. It contains high levels of sugar and can worsen diarrhea by increasing the osmotic load in the intestines, potentially leading to more fluid loss.

D. Bananas are a good option during diarrhea as they are gentle on the stomach, provide potassium, and help bind stools. They are also part of the BRAT diet, which is often recommended for children with diarrhea.

A. They may believe that death is punishment for bad behavior. B. They may believe that death is temporary or reversible. C. They may have a fear of death and view it as something to be avoided. D. They understand death as a natural part of the life cycle. E. They may believe that death is caused by their thoughts. F. They have a concrete understanding of death as a permanent cessation of life.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

A. They may believe that death is punishment for bad behavior. Preschool-aged children may have a limited understanding of death and may see it as a form of punishment for wrongdoing. They may not fully comprehend that death is a natural event.

B. They may believe that death is temporary or reversible. At this age, children tend to have magical thinking and may believe that the deceased person can come back to life or that they will return after a period of time.

E. They may believe that death is caused by their thoughts. Preschoolers often struggle with the concept of causality and may believe that their thoughts or wishes could cause something to happen, including death.

C. They may have a fear of death and view it as something to be avoided. While some preschoolers may fear death, this is more common in older children or adolescents who begin to grasp the permanency of death.

D. They understand death as a natural part of the life cycle. Preschool children typically do not have a fully developed understanding of death as part of the life cycle; they may not recognize its natural inevitability.

F. They have a concrete understanding of death as a permanent cessation of life. A concrete understanding of death is usually not achieved until later childhood (around 7-9 years of age) when children start to understand the permanence and finality of death.

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The nurse is monitoring an infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which are late signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in an infant?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

How do preschool-aged children typically understand death? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

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