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A public health nurse is working with a community HIV task force and providing outreach for a high-risk community group. The public health nurse has received a positive HIV test result for one of the community members and successfully linked the individual to care. The public health nurse should identify that which of the following is true about this community member's diagnosis?

The nurse should review the state laws to determine if and how this information should be shared with the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System.

The nurse should recognize this diagnosis as an indication that the outreach program is not successful.

Outside the healthcare team, the nurse should keep this diagnosis confidential.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:
The nurse should review the state laws to determine if and how this information should be shared with the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System. This is the correct answer because HIV is a notifiable disease, meaning that cases must be reported to public health authorities to monitor and control the spread of the infection. Each state has specific laws and regulations regarding the reporting of notifiable diseases, and it is crucial for the nurse to be aware of these requirements to ensure compliance and public health safety.

Choice B Reason:
The nurse should recognize this diagnosis as an indication that the outreach program is not successful. This statement is incorrect. A positive diagnosis does not necessarily mean that the outreach program is unsuccessful. On the contrary, identifying and linking individuals to care is a key objective of such programs. The success of the program can be measured by its ability to reach high-risk individuals, provide testing, and ensure they receive appropriate care and support.

Choice C Reason:
Outside the healthcare team, the nurse should keep this diagnosis confidential. While confidentiality is critical in healthcare, the reporting of notifiable diseases like HIV is an exception due to public health concerns. The nurse must balance confidentiality with the legal obligation to report the diagnosis to public health authorities. This ensures that appropriate measures can be taken to prevent further transmission and provide necessary public health interventions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Proportionate mortality refers to the proportion of deaths in a population attributable to different causes. It is expressed as a percentage of total deaths. While useful for understanding the distribution of causes of death, it does not provide a direct comparison of overall mortality rates between different populations or regions.

Choice B Reason:
Case fatality rate is the proportion of individuals diagnosed with a particular disease who die from that disease within a specified period. It is a measure of the severity of the disease rather than the overall mortality rate. This metric is not suitable for comparing general mortality rates between a state and the entire country.

Choice C Reason:
Cause-specific mortality rate refers to the mortality rate from a specific cause of death within a population. While this can provide insights into the impact of particular diseases or conditions, it does not offer a comprehensive view of overall mortality. Comparing cause-specific mortality rates would require multiple comparisons for different causes, complicating the analysis.

Choice D Reason:
Crude mortality rate is the total number of deaths in a population over a specific period, usually expressed per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals. This rate provides a straightforward measure of the overall mortality in a population, making it the most appropriate metric for comparing mortality rates between a state and the entire country. It allows for a direct comparison of the general health status and mortality burden across different regions.

A. Individuals who desire a quality education are required to purchase healthy lunches at school. B. Quality education includes coverage for some medical expenses. C. Individuals who attain a quality education increase the likelihood of obtaining a job that pays a living wage. D. With a quality education, clients have increased access to virtual visits with primary care physicians.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
The statement that individuals who desire a quality education are required to purchase healthy lunches at school is not accurate. While healthy lunches can contribute to better health outcomes, they are not a requirement for obtaining a quality education. This choice does not directly address the broader relationship between education and health outcomes. Instead, it focuses on a specific aspect of school life that is not universally applicable or mandated.

Choice B Reason:
The idea that quality education includes coverage for some medical expenses is misleading. Education systems typically do not cover medical expenses; this is usually the role of healthcare systems or insurance providers. While schools may offer some health services, such as school nurses or health education, these do not equate to comprehensive medical expense coverage. This choice does not accurately reflect the role of education in health outcomes.

Choice C Reason:
Individuals who attain a quality education increase the likelihood of obtaining a job that pays a living wage. This statement is supported by extensive research showing that higher educational attainment is associated with better employment opportunities and higher income levels. A living wage allows individuals to afford better healthcare, housing, and nutrition, all of which contribute to improved health outcomes. This choice directly links education to economic stability and health benefits, making it the most accurate and relevant statement.

Choice D Reason:
With a quality education, clients have increased access to virtual visits with primary care physicians. While education can improve health literacy and the ability to navigate healthcare systems, access to virtual visits is more directly influenced by factors such as technology availability, internet access, and healthcare policies. This statement oversimplifies the relationship between education and healthcare access, making it less accurate than the other choices.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A public health nurse is comparing mortality rates in their state to overall mortality rates in the U.S. Which of the following mortality rates should the nurse use for this comparison?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is planning a presentation at a local public health conference about the relationship between quality education and health outcomes. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the presentation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A community health nurse is working in a rural area where there are many homes built before the 1970s. To promote good health, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A community health nurse is counseling a client who cares for a mentally ill parent. The client states, "I am feeling overwhelmed and exhausted." Which of the following referrals should the nurse make to provide this client with first level support?

A school is providing education about the spread of COVID-19 across national boundaries and throughout the world in 2020, which prompted disease control measures in most countries. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to describe this level of disease?

A community health nurse is calculating the top three causes of death in a county. Which of the following mortality measures should the nurse use to obtain this data?

A public health nurse plans to assess a community using the CHANGE model. According to this model, which of the following steps should the nurse take first?

A nurse and a community health team are wrapping up their plan for community implementation. They have been using the Strategic Prevention Framework. Which of the following is true about the Strategic Prevention Framework?

A public health nurse is recruiting Black men for a research study on coronary artery disease. Which of the following reasons explains the importance for the nurse to have knowledge of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?

A community health nurse is providing teaching to a client about primary prevention methods for sexually transmitted infections. The nurse should identify that the teaching reflects which of the following stages of the natural history of disease model?