A public health nurse is caring for a group of clients who experienced mold exposure in their home environment. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as at risk for adverse effects of mold overgrowth?
A client who has dementia
A client who has osteoarthritis
A client who has cystic fibrosis
A client who has chronic hypertension
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. A client who has dementia: Dementia affects cognitive function but does not inherently increase susceptibility to respiratory complications from mold exposure. While general health monitoring is important, this client is not at high risk for mold-related adverse effects.
B. A client who has osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis primarily affects joints and mobility. It does not compromise the respiratory system or immune response in a way that would increase vulnerability to mold exposure.
C. A client who has cystic fibrosis: Clients with cystic fibrosis have impaired mucociliary clearance and chronic respiratory vulnerability, making them more susceptible to respiratory infections and complications from environmental mold exposure. Mold inhalation can exacerbate pulmonary symptoms and lead to significant health risks.
D. A client who has chronic hypertension: Hypertension affects the cardiovascular system but does not directly increase susceptibility to respiratory complications from mold. This client is not considered high risk for adverse effects from mold exposure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"C":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"D":{"answers":"A,B"}}
Explanation
Rationale:
- Sensation: Tingling indicates possible nerve irritation or mild neurovascular compromise. This is often seen in fractures when swelling or bone displacement compresses nerves near the injury site, especially in long bones like the radius.
- Edema: Swelling is a nonspecific but common response to tissue injury. It occurs with ligament strain (sprain), bone disruption (fracture), and joint trauma (dislocation), all of which lead to localized inflammation and fluid accumulation.
- Ecchymosis: Bruising results from soft tissue bleeding and is common in all three conditions due to trauma to blood vessels. Ligament tears (sprain), bone injury (fracture), and capsule damage (dislocation) can all lead to ecchymosis.
- Pain level: Moderate pain, such as a 4/10 rating, is consistent with both sprains and fractures. Sprains stretch or tear ligaments, while fractures disrupt bone structure. Dislocations usually present with severe, sharp pain that impairs joint movement entirely.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "I will change my baby's diaper at least every 4 hours.": Frequent diaper changes help keep the circumcision site clean and dry, reducing the risk of infection and irritation from urine or stool. Keeping the area free from moisture allows proper healing and minimizes discomfort for the newborn. This reflects correct home care following a circumcision.
B. "I will wash the penis with soap and warm water until the circumcision has healed.": Using soap on the circumcision site can cause irritation and delay healing. The area should be gently cleansed with warm water only, allowing the natural healing process to occur without additional chemical irritation from soaps or wipes containing alcohol or fragrances.
C. "I will apply topical lidocaine following each diaper change.": Topical anesthetics such as lidocaine are not recommended for routine circumcision care because they may cause toxicity or be absorbed unpredictably in newborns. Pain is managed through comfort measures such as swaddling, breastfeeding, or using petroleum jelly, not through anesthetic application.
D. "I will apply an ice pack to my baby's penis twice daily to decrease swelling.": Applying ice to a newborn’s circumcision site is unsafe and can cause tissue injury due to extreme temperature sensitivity. Mild swelling is expected and resolves naturally; the recommended care involves gentle cleansing and protecting the site with petroleum jelly not cold therapy.
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