A public health nurse is caring for a group of clients who experienced mold exposure in their home environment. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as at risk for adverse effects of mold overgrowth?
A client who has dementia
A client who has osteoarthritis
A client who has cystic fibrosis
A client who has chronic hypertension
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. A client who has dementia: Dementia affects cognitive function but does not inherently increase susceptibility to respiratory complications from mold exposure. While general health monitoring is important, this client is not at high risk for mold-related adverse effects.
B. A client who has osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis primarily affects joints and mobility. It does not compromise the respiratory system or immune response in a way that would increase vulnerability to mold exposure.
C. A client who has cystic fibrosis: Clients with cystic fibrosis have impaired mucociliary clearance and chronic respiratory vulnerability, making them more susceptible to respiratory infections and complications from environmental mold exposure. Mold inhalation can exacerbate pulmonary symptoms and lead to significant health risks.
D. A client who has chronic hypertension: Hypertension affects the cardiovascular system but does not directly increase susceptibility to respiratory complications from mold. This client is not considered high risk for adverse effects from mold exposure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. History of severe menorrhagia: A copper IUD can increase menstrual bleeding and cramping. Clients with a history of severe menorrhagia are at higher risk for exacerbated bleeding and anemia, making this a contraindication to IUD insertion. Alternative contraceptive methods should be considered for these clients.
B. Desire to become pregnant in 1 to 2 years: While the client’s future fertility plans may influence contraceptive choice, it is not a medical contraindication. The IUD can be removed at any time, allowing fertility to return quickly, so this does not preclude insertion.
C. Takes antiretroviral therapy for HIV: HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy is not a contraindication to IUD use. Clients with HIV can safely use intrauterine contraception, provided there are no active pelvic infections.
D. Report of unprotected sex in the past 24 hr: Recent unprotected intercourse is not a contraindication, but the nurse should assess the risk of pregnancy and consider emergency contraception if appropriate. It does not medically prevent IUD insertion.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
Explanation
Rationale for correct choices
• Osteomyelitis: The client has an open fracture, which increases the risk of infection in the bone due to direct exposure to pathogens. The rising temperature (36.8 → 38.9°C) and elevated heart rate indicate a possible inflammatory response, making monitoring for osteomyelitis essential. Early detection allows prompt initiation of antibiotics and prevents chronic bone infection.
• Fat embolism syndrome: The client sustained a long-bone fracture (right femur), which is a known risk factor for fat embolism syndrome. Signs such as tachycardia, tachypnea, and decreased oxygen saturation (96% → 94%) may indicate early fat emboli. Prompt recognition and supportive interventions, including oxygen therapy and monitoring respiratory status, are critical.
Rationale for incorrect choices
• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): While immobility and trauma increase the risk of DVT, there is no evidence of unilateral leg swelling, redness, or pain reported in this client. Although preventive measures are important, current findings suggest infection and respiratory complications are more immediate risks.
• Compartment syndrome: Compartment syndrome typically presents with severe pain unrelieved by medication, tense swelling, and neurovascular compromise in the affected limb. The client’s report and vital signs do not indicate these specific signs, so it is not the most immediate concern at this time.
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