A patient who has chronic constipation asks the nurse about the use of psyllium (Metamucil). Which information will the nurse include in the response?
Dietary sources of fiber should be eliminated to prevent excessive gas formation.
Use of this type of laxative to prevent constipation does not cause adverse effects.
Fiber-containing laxatives may reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
Large amounts of fluid should be taken to prevent impaction or bowel obstruction.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Dietary sources of fiber should not be eliminated; in fact, fiber from food complements the effect of psyllium and supports normal bowel function.
B. Fiber-containing laxatives can have adverse effects, such as bloating, gas, or, rarely, intestinal obstruction if not taken with adequate fluid.
C. Psyllium does not significantly reduce absorption of fat-soluble vitamins; this concern is more relevant to certain other medications, like cholestyramine.
D. Psyllium absorbs water in the intestines, forming a bulky stool. To prevent fecal impaction or bowel obstruction, it is essential to take large amounts of fluid when using this type of laxative.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While bleeding is a potential risk of paracentesis, it is less common than infection.
B. This is not a typical complication of paracentesis.
C. Although large-volume paracentesis can occasionally affect kidney perfusion, renal failure is not the most common complication.
D. Infection of the peritoneal cavity (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) is the most common and serious complication associated with paracentesis. Proper aseptic technique is essential to minimize this risk.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Elevated AST indicates hepatocellular injury, but it does not directly reflect fluid volume status.
B. In liver cirrhosis, the liver produces less albumin, leading to reduced plasma oncotic pressure. Low albumin allows fluid to leak into interstitial spaces, causing ascites, edema, and overall fluid volume excess.
C. Prolonged PT reflects impaired clotting factor synthesis in cirrhosis, not fluid status.
D. High bilirubin indicates impaired bile excretion and liver dysfunction, but it is not a direct marker of fluid overload.
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