A nurse is caring for a client in a rehabilitation facility.
Diarrhea
Clostridium difficile infections
Abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting
Loss of healthy bacteria
Correct Answer : A,C,D
Rationale:
- Diarrhea is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal side effects of antibiotics due to alteration of normal intestinal flora and increased motility.
- Nausea is a common adverse reaction as antibiotics can irritate the stomach lining or affect gut motility.
- Abdominal pain may occur secondary to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract or as part of antibiotic-associated colitis.
- Clostridium difficile infections are a serious complication, not a routine side effect, requiring immediate evaluation and intervention.
- Vomiting may occur but is less common compared to nausea and diarrhea.
- Loss of healthy bacteria is the underlying mechanism of many side effects, but it is not typically described to clients as a direct side effect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Hepatotoxic medications can cause toxic or drug-induced liver injury, but they are not the primary cause of biliary cirrhosis.
B. Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of alcoholic cirrhosis, not biliary cirrhosis.
C. Obstruction of the bile duct—whether from gallstones, strictures, or autoimmune disorders—leads to cholestasis. Over time, the retained bile damages liver cells, causing inflammation, fibrosis, and ultimately biliary cirrhosis.
D. Hepatitis C primarily causes viral hepatitis-related cirrhosis, not biliary cirrhosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Ulcerative colitis always begins in the rectum and progresses proximally, but Crohn’s disease can occur anywhere in the GI tract.
B. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are both types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation.
C. Surgery may be needed in severe cases, but ulcerative colitis can sometimes be cured with colectomy, while Crohn’s disease is not cured by surgery and tends to recur.
D. Fistulas are common in Crohn’s disease but not in ulcerative colitis.
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