A patient is receiving a dose of edrophonium. The nurse recognizes that this drug is given to determine the diagnosis of which disease?

Parkinson's disease

Alzheimer's disease

Myasthenia Gravis

Serotonin Syndrome

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Parkinson's disease

Edrophonium is not used for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. The diagnosis is typically based on clinical symptoms and neurological examination.

B. Alzheimer's disease

Edrophonium is not used for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting cognition. The diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, cognitive assessments, and sometimes imaging studies, but not the use of edrophonium.

C. Myasthenia Gravis

This is the correct choice. Edrophonium is used as a diagnostic tool in Myasthenia Gravis. In individuals with Myasthenia Gravis, the administration of edrophonium can lead to a temporary improvement in muscle strength, helping to confirm the diagnosis.

D. Serotonin Syndrome

Edrophonium is not used for the diagnosis of serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome is a condition caused by an excess of serotonin, often due to the use of certain medications. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and a history of serotonin-affecting medications, not the administration of edrophonium.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decreased ascites

Ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) is more directly related to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. While lactulose may contribute to fluid balance, its primary therapeutic effect in hepatic encephalopathy is the reduction of ammonia levels.

B. Decreased ammonia level

Lactulose is a medication commonly used in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, a condition associated with liver disease. The therapeutic effect of lactulose in this context is to reduce blood ammonia levels. Lactulose works by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the form of ammonium ions in the colon, thereby lowering ammonia concentrations in the blood.

C. Decreased jaundice

Jaundice is often associated with liver dysfunction, but lactulose is not primarily used to address jaundice. Its primary role in liver disease is in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

D. Decreased blood pressure

Blood pressure is not a direct therapeutic target of lactulose in the context of liver disease. Lactulose's primary therapeutic effect is related to reducing ammonia levels and managing hepatic encephalopathy.

A. Aspirin and warfarin B. Sulfasalazine and acetaminophen C. Tolmetin and propranolol D. Meloxicam and amlodipine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Aspirin and warfarin

The combination of aspirin and warfarin poses a potential risk of increased bleeding and bruising. Both aspirin and warfarin are anticoagulants, and when used together, they can potentiate each other's effects, leading to a higher risk of bleeding events, including easy bruising.

B. Sulfasalazine and acetaminophen

Sulfasalazine is often used in the treatment of arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, while acetaminophen is a commonly used pain reliever. There is no significant interaction between these two medications leading to increased bleeding or bruising.

C. Tolmetin and propranolol

Tolmetin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, and propranolol is a beta-blocker used for conditions such as hypertension. While both medications have their own potential side effects, there is no specific interaction between them that significantly increases the risk of bleeding or bruising.

D. Meloxicam and amlodipine

Meloxicam is an NSAID, and amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker used for hypertension. Similar to option C, there is no known significant interaction between these two medications that would lead to increased bleeding or bruising.

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A patient is receiving a dose of edrophonium. The nurse recognizes that this drug is given to determine the diagnosis of which disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Lactulose is ordered for a patient with liver disease. What would indicate the medication is exerting a positive therapeutic effect on the patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient with a complicated medical history including hypertension, a-fib, and arthritis calls the health care provider's office to speak with a nurse about "all of these bruises I have all of a sudden." Which potential drug interaction should concern the nurse with these symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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