A patient is ordered bisacodyl (Dulcolax). Before administering the drug, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for what?

A. High-sodium foods: Sodium intake is not specifically contraindicated with methylphenidate (Ritalin). However, maintaining a balanced and healthy diet is generally recommended for overall well-being.

B. High-sugar foods and drinks: While there is no strict contraindication with methylphenidate and sugar, a diet high in sugar may contribute to hyperactivity and may not be conducive to managing symptoms of ADHD. It's advisable to promote a balanced diet with reduced sugar intake.

C. High-fat foods: There is no direct contraindication between methylphenidate and high-fat foods. However, maintaining a balanced diet with a moderate intake of fats is generally recommended for overall health.

D. Caffeinated foods and drinks: This is the correct answer. Methylphenidate is a stimulant, and combining it with additional sources of caffeine can lead to an increase in stimulant effects, potentially causing adverse reactions.

A. Decreased ascites

Ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) is more directly related to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. While lactulose may contribute to fluid balance, its primary therapeutic effect in hepatic encephalopathy is the reduction of ammonia levels.

B. Decreased ammonia level

Lactulose is a medication commonly used in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, a condition associated with liver disease. The therapeutic effect of lactulose in this context is to reduce blood ammonia levels. Lactulose works by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the form of ammonium ions in the colon, thereby lowering ammonia concentrations in the blood.

C. Decreased jaundice

Jaundice is often associated with liver dysfunction, but lactulose is not primarily used to address jaundice. Its primary role in liver disease is in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

D. Decreased blood pressure

Blood pressure is not a direct therapeutic target of lactulose in the context of liver disease. Lactulose's primary therapeutic effect is related to reducing ammonia levels and managing hepatic encephalopathy.